On July 17, 2003, the National Bureau of Economic Research announced that the United States economy had troughed in November 2001 following the peak in March 2001. This makes the 2001 recession one of the shortest in U.S. history being only eight months in length. Whereas business cycles are defined in terms of the overall economies the authors of this paper investigate whether this national re...

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE Dengue haemorrhagic fever (DHF) is the major cause of sustained morbidity/ mortality among human cases of dengue in dengue endemic areas of Rajasthan. Screening of mosquitoes collected from disease endemic settings and typing the virus could provide significant epidemiological information for prospective risk of DHF. We therefore carried out a study on different dengue vi...

Stomatal regulation of leaf gas exchange with the atmosphere is a key process in plant adaptation to the environment, particularly in semi-arid regions with high atmospheric evaporative demand. Development of stomata, integrating internal signaling and environmental cues sets the limit for maximum diffusive capacity of stomata, through size and density and is under a complex genetic control, th...

Extensive livestock grazing even in unsuitable land has increasingly grown in most parts of semi-arid rangeland. Therefore, it is of paramount importance to identify suitable land for livestock grazing for optimum utilization while causing minimum impact to the environment. This paper adapted the schematic model based on the concepts presented by the Food and Agriculture Organization of suitabi...

the objective of this research was to investigate the effects of deficit irrigation on physiological and agronomic terms of eggplant to maximize the water use efficiency (wue) without affecting the final yield and fruit quality parameters under arid environment. therefore, two field experiments were conducted at two different sites: ghor al-safi, jordan valley and sail al-karak, karak valley, ka...

plant biomass is an important factor for determining arid and semi-aridrangelands capacity. due to the lack of proper and annual sampling of rangelands, there areno suitable data to determine biomass, range condition and proper range managementoperations. plant biomass is one of the measurable attributes that can be assessed inrangeland studies. since the clip and weight method is destructive a...

abstract agriculture is the largest consumer of water resources in iran. one of the best options for increasing the irrigation efficiency and better application of precipitation in arid and semi-arid areas is employing of superabsorbent polymers to soil. polymers can absorb rain and irrigation water, decrease deep percolation and increase water use efficiency. in order to investigate the effect...

Mucorales comprises fungi commonly isolated as saprobes from soil, dung, stored grains and plants. Although these fungi have been studied in several countries, there are relatively a few reports of them in semi-arid areas. Therefore, the aims of the present study were to assess and compare the Mucorales communities in dung from different species and breeds of herbivores in the semi-arid of Pern...

one of the characteristics in iranian model of desertification potential assessment (imdpa) is vegetation. sincevegetation is very important factor in the degradation of land, so some indices were determined for this item in order toevaluate desertification potential of arid, semi arid and arid sub humid areas of iran. the indices included vegetationcondition, exploit and revegetation. to calib...