In this paper we propose an estimator of the entropy of a continuous random variable. The estimator is obtained by modifying the estimator proposed by Vasicek (1976). Consistency of estimator is proved, and comparisons are made with Vasicek’s estimator (1976), van Es’s estimator (1992), Ebrahimi et al.’s estimator (1994) and Correa’s estimator (1995). The results indicate that the proposed esti...

Senseless (Sens) is a conserved transcription factor required for normal development of the Drosophila peripheral nervous system. In the Drosophila retina, sens is necessary and sufficient for differentiation of R8 photoreceptors and interommatidial bristles (IOBs). When Sens is expressed in undifferentiated cells posterior to the morphogenetic furrow, ectopic IOBs are formed. This phenotype wa...

There has been substantial recent work on methods for estimating the slope function in linear regression for functional data analysis. However, as in the case of more conventional finite-dimensional regression, much of the practical interest in the slope centers on its application for the purpose of prediction, rather than on its significance in its own right. We show that the problems of slope...

OBJECTIVE To compare the ability of the simple erosion narrowing score (SENS) to classify radiographic progression relative to the Sharp/van der Heijde score (SHS) in a prospective cohort of anti-TNF-treated RA patients. METHODS Radiographs of the hands, wrists and feet of patients enrolled in a pharmacovigilance programme are performed every 2 years. These radiographs were read in chronologi...

Function lmodel2 computes model II simple linear regression using the following methods: major axis (MA), standard major axis (SMA), ordinary least squares (OLS), and ranged major axis (RMA). Information about these methods is available, for instance, in section 10.3.2 of Legendre and Legendre (1998) and in sections 14.13 and 15.7 of Sokal and Rohlf (1995). Parametric 95% confidence intervals a...

OBJECTIVE To analyze the effect of folic acid-fortified foods on the prevalence of neural tube defects in live newborns. METHODS Longitudinal study with newborns from the city of Recife, Northeastern Brazil, between 2000 and 2006. Data analyzed were obtained from the Sistema Nacional de Informações de Nascidos Vivos (National Information System on Live Births). Neural tube defects were define...

In this work a comparison between different galaxy luminosity function estimators by means of Monte Carlo simulations is presented. The simulations show that the C − method of Lynden-Bell (1971) and the STY method derived by Sandage, Tammann & Yahil (1979) are the best estimators to measure the shape of the luminosity function. The simulations also show that the STY estimator has a bias such th...

study of groundwater quality trend in any region is very important from the view of scheduling and sustainable water resources management. in the present study trend analysis conducted on groundwater quality based on information of 32 piezometeric stations located in the ardabil plain from 1993 to 2008 using the non-parametric spearman test. hydrogeochemical variables studied here are total ani...

The paper deals with three approaches to comparing the regression lines corresponding to two dependent groups when using a robust estimator. The focus is on the Theil–Sen estimator with some comments about alternative estimators that might be used. The first approach is to test the global hypothesis that the two groups have equal intercepts and slopes in a manner that allows a heteroscedastic e...