More importantly in Libya, HD patients seem to have a higher prevalence of the disease compared to other more developed regions. Research from Libya on this issue although scant, is available, as evident by a relatively recent publication on the matter, a study by Daw et al, conducted in Tripoli from 1999 to 2001 [3]. The study showed a 20.5% prevalence of HCV among HD patients, which is of sim...

Worldwide the prevalence of Hepatitis A virus in various countries are grouped into high, intermediate low and very low endemicity. Even in USA having very low endemicity have incidence of acute hepatitis A of 12.0 cases/100,000 persons in 1995.To prevent mortality and morbidity related with Hepatitis A virus infection, after implementation of routine childhood Hepatitis A vaccination in USA th...

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection remains a global challenge, although there is currently a safe and effective vaccine available. HBV prevalence in Ghana is not well documented, but vary regionally from 4.8% to 12.3% in the general population, 10.8% to 12.7% in blood donors and about 10.6% in pregnant women. This puts Ghana among the high endemic countries in Africa. The study objective was to ...

BACKGROUND Varicella or chickenpox was not a notifiable disease until 2005 in Sri Lanka and only a few studies have been conducted on the epidemiology of VZV infection in the country. The anti-VZV IgG sero-prevalence among antenatal women is extremely limited and thus a selected group of antenatal clinic attendees were chosen to determine the exposure rate to VZV infection. METHODS Women atte...

Serum samples collected from 547 equids in the Pantanal region of Brazil were evaluated for antibodies to Equine Infectious Anemia Virus (EIAV) by the agar gel immunodiffusion test. Risk factors associated with EIAV seropositivity were evaluated and spatial dependence investigated using a Spatial Lag Model. EIAV prevalence on farms in the Pantanal was 52.0% (13/25) with adjusted prevalence betw...

Lyme Disease is caused by the bacterial pathogen Borrelia burgdorferi, and is transmitted by the tick-vector Ixodes scapularis. It is the most prevalent arthropod-borne disease in the United States. To determine the seroprevalence of B. burgdorferi antibodies in white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) from Texas, we analyzed serum samples (n = 1493) collected during the 2001-2015 hunting sea...

Background: HIV infection which progresses to AIDS in immuno-compromised individuals is a global public health problem, particularly affecting pregnant women amongst whom the risk of infection increases greatly. This study was design to determine the sero-prevalence and risk factors of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection among pregnant women attending antenatal clinic of the University...

BACKGROUND The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection usually infects persons in the reproductive age group (15-49 years), but elderly people are also susceptible. Many people in sub-Saharan Africa including Ghana believe that elderly people are not at risk for HIV. Despite numerous reports of the high prevalence of HIV infection among the elderly worldwide, there are no from Ghana. This ...

BACKGROUND Syphilis facilitates both HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) transmission and acquisition, reflecting the complex interplay between the two infections. Scarce information exists regarding syphilis epidemiology in Ethiopian context. Thus, this study determined the sero-prevalence of syphilis and associated risk factors in people with HIV infection. METHODS A cross-sectional study wa...

Background: HIV infection is endemic in Nigeria and is an important cause of infant mortality and morbidity. This study was undertaken to determine the sero-epidemiology of HIV among abandoned babies in Port Harcourt, Nigeria. Methods: One hundred and forty (n = 140) consecutively recruited abandoned babies mean age 11.5 ± 24.1 weeks made up to 79 males and 61 females, referred to the HIV scree...