Gels formed by semiflexible fibers such as most biopolymers exhibit non-linear behavior in their response to shear deformation, e.g., with a pronounced strain stiffening and negative normal stress. These negative normal stresses suggest that networks would collapse axially when subject to shear stress. This coupling of axial and shear deformations can have particularly important consequences fo...

The paper presents experimental evidence for the potentials of CFD methodology in revealing external flow and inner flow shear deformation rates in stirred tanks. Two basic issues are considered: could CFD produce valid solutions for shear rates in mixing vessels, and could practical shear rate differences relevant to specific impeller designs be reproduced by CFD. In a first part, the shear ra...

Frictional and frictionless granular materials in a split-bottom ring shear cell geometry show wide shear bands under slow, quasi-static deformation. Here, the differences between frictional and frictionless materials are elaborated using discrete element simulations (DEM). Several continuum fields like the density, the velocity field, the deformation gradient and the stress are used here for c...

We report measurements of the static shear modulus of electrorheological (ER) fluids consisting of water-wetted silica microspheres in silicone oil. A shear-annealing method, using creep-recovery (CR) cycles under an external electric field, is used to enhance ER properties of the fluid. The shear-annealing method enables the silica spheres in the ER fluid to form better aligned and denser colu...

The main objective of this study is to propose the Strut-and-Tie method (STM) to predict the shear capacity of simply supported RC deep beams shear-strengthened with carbon fiber reinforced polymers (CFRP). It is assumed that, the total carried shear force by shear-strengthened RC deep beam provided by three independent resistance, namely diagonal concrete strut due to Strut-and-tie mechanism, ...

In the present research, behavior of SPSPs with two rectangular openings and effect of strengthening different subpanels with various stiffener arrangements is investigated. In the next step, to investigate the effect of changing opening width on the trend of degradation shear stiffness and strength of the panel, the opening width is changed. In the third step, to study the effect of changing o...

Shear rate has been shown to critically affect the kinetics and receptor specificity of cell-cell interactions. In this study, the collision process between two modeled cells interacting in a linear shear flow is numerically investigated. The two identical biological or artificial cells are modeled as deformable capsules composed of an elastic membrane. The cell deformation and trajectories are...

The shear stress response of the system CTAB/NaSal/water is studied using strain thixotropic loops in the low concentration regime and [NaSal]/[CTAB]=1. Stress response during up-shear curves depends on the ramping rate. However, stress response during down-shear curves collapses in one curve, no matter the rate used during the ramping down process; it does not depend on the history of the syst...

We find that unjammed packings of frictionless particles with rather weak attraction can always be driven into solidlike states by shear. The structure of shear-driven solids evolves continuously with packing fraction from gel-like to jamminglike, but is almost independent of the shear stress. In contrast, both the density of vibrational states (DOVS) and force network evolve progressively with...