the concept of fuzzy soft γ-ring is introduced; and some properties of fuzzy soft γ-rings are given. then the definitions of fuzzy soft γ-ideals are proposed and some of their theories are considered.

A key parameter for the design of soil drainage and irrigation facilities modelling surface runoff erosion phenomena in land-formed areas is saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ks). There are many methods determining its value. In situ laboratory measurements commonly regarded as most accurate direct methods; however, they costly time-consuming. Alternatives can be found increasingly popular mode...

In the hydrological watershed, some natural processes take place in which interaction of water, soil, climate and vegetation favors capture water. The present study aimed to evaluate preliminary information regarding response water balance a small research watershed with tropical forest cover (15°01'44''N 92°13'55''W, 471 m, 2.3 has). Events precipitation, direct runoff, infiltration rate basef...

The Ti:sapphire laser has become an established source for cw, watt-level, single-frequency power from 680 to 1050 nm, but the commonly used Ar-ion laser pump source is a disadvantage for many applications. Tunable, external-cavity, single-frequency diode lasers are available for portions of this wavelength region, but a given diode laser can cover a range of only 15– 25 nm. Cr:LiSrAlF6 (Cr:LiS...

In [6], M. Krishnapur and the authors considered the convergence of the empricial measure of (complex) eigenvalues of matrices of the form An = TnUn, where Un is Haar distributed on U(n), the unitary group of n×n matrices, and independent of the self-adjoint matrix Tn (which therefore can be assumed diagonal, with real non-negative entries s i ). That is, with λ (n) i denoting the eigenvalues o...

We have built a nonplanar ring oscillator with the resonator contained entirely within a Nd:YAG crystal. When the oscillator was placed in a magnetic field, unidirectional oscillation was obtained with a pump-limited, single-axial-mode output of 163 mW.

Evaluation and modeling of soil water infiltration are essential to all aspects resources management the design hydraulic structures. Nonetheless, research focused on experimental studies rates in arid semi-arid regions under unknown boundary conditions remains minimal. This paper investigates characteristics spatial variability over a rural basin Algeria. The experiments were conducted using p...

let r be an associative ring with unity. an element a in r is said to be r-clean if a = e+r, where e is an idempotent and r is a regular (von neumann) element in r. if every element of r is r-clean, then r is called an r-clean ring. in this paper, we prove that the concepts of clean ring and r-clean ring are equivalent for abelian rings. further we prove that if 0 and 1 are the only idempotents...

let r be an associative ring with unity. an element a in r is said to be r-clean if a = e+r, where e is an idempotent and r is a regular (von neumann) element in r. if every element of r is r-clean, then r is called an r-clean ring. in this paper, we prove that the concepts of clean ring and r-clean ring are equivalent for abelian rings. further we prove that if 0 and 1 are the only idempotents...