The current study examined the independent and additive contributions of maternal sensitivity measured prior to and following a social stressor, and infant behaviors to infants' physiological response to the still-face paradigm (SFP) in a sample characterized by poverty-related environmental risk. Ninety-one mother/infant dyads participated in the SFP when their infants were 5 months old. Mater...

Respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) and heart period were evaluated in 5-month-old infants (N = 40) during interaction challenges requiring affective adjustment. The paradigm consisted of four 2-min experimental conditions designed to elicit behavioral and autonomic responses to object-mediated (Picture Attention and Toy Attention) and person-mediated (Still Face and Social Interaction) engageme...

We reported a case of a 72-year-old male, known diabetic on insulin, referred because of complete atrioventricular block. He was found to have acute hepatitis during which he developed transient atrial arrhythmia, and sinus node dysfunction. His cardiac symptoms disappeared completely after hepatitis improvement. All of his cardiac investigations were normal including electrocardiogram, echocar...

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common human arrhythmia causing a significant public health burden. Restoration of sinus rhythm by cardioversion of the arrhythmia, performed either electrically or pharmacologically, has been a main therapeutic option for the treatment of AF patients during the last decades. After publication of several large randomized studies showing no significant benefi...

This research explores vagal flexibility--dynamic modulation of cardiac vagal control--as an individual-level physiological index of social sensitivity. In 4 studies, we test the hypothesis that individuals with greater cardiac vagal flexibility, operationalized as higher cardiac vagal tone at rest and greater cardiac vagal withdrawal (indexed by a decrease in respiratory sinus arrhythmia) duri...

In a sample of 127 mother-infant dyads, this study examined the predictive significance of mothers' physiological and observed emotional responding within distressing and nondistressing caregiving contexts at 6 months for infant attachment assessed with Fraley and Spieker's (2003) dimensional approach and the categorical approach at 12 months. Findings revealed that a lesser degree of maternal ...

BIOCHEMICAL reactions of myocardial cells to infarction are of basic interest in arrhythmia research. The purpose of the present investigation was to measure in the same dogs concentrations of K, Na, Ca and Mg in coronary sinus and arterial blood before infarction, during a period of ventricular arrhythmia following coronary artery occlusion, and in infarcted and noninfarcted heart tissue. For ...

BIOCHEMICAL reactions of myocardial cells to infarction are of basic interest in arrhythmia research. The purpose of the present investigation was to measure in the same dogs concentrations of K, Na, Ca and Mg in coronary sinus and arterial blood before infarction, during a period of ventricular arrhythmia following coronary artery occlusion, and in infarcted and noninfarcted heart tissue. For ...

biofeedback as a method for assessing baroreflex function: a preliminary study of resonance in the cardiovascular system. Appl Psychophysiol Biofeedback 2002; 27:1–27 3 Yasuma F, Hayano J. Augmentation of respiratory sinus arrhythmia in response to progressive hypercapnia in conscious dogs. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2001; 280: H2336–H2341 4 Yasuma F, Hayano J. Impact of acute hypoxia on h...

We report on the modulation of respiratory sinus arrhythmia in rats with central pattern generator (CPG) hardware made of silicon neurons. The neurons are made to compete through mutually inhibitory synapses to provide timed electrical oscillations that stimulate the peripheral end of vagus nerve at specific points of the respiratory cycle: the inspiratory phase (φ(1)), the early expiratory pha...