Introduction Holt & Oram (1960) linked various skeletal abnormalities with congenital heart disease in four generations of a family. In particular, malformations of the hands were associated with atrial septal defect (secundum type) and bizarre arrhythmias. In 1961, McKusick described a similar syndrome in a mother and daughter and suggested the term 'atrio-digital dysplasia'. Harris & Osborne ...

Background: There is a variation in the incidence and risk factors of congenital anomalies between countries. Congenital anomalies are structural defect that originates before birth, interfering with normal body function and leading to morbidity or even early death. Aim of the Study: To determine the most common fetal congenital anomalies among Egyptian women and to estimate some of the risk fa...

The Nevoid Basal-Cell Carcinoma Syndrome (NBCC), or as it is also referred to, basal-cell nevus syndrome or Gorlin-Goltz syndrome, is characterized by multiple early-appearing basal cell carcinomas, keratocytosis of the mandible, and anomalies of the ocular, skeletal reproductive system. We describe four patients in the same family, all of them possessing a large number of skin tumors associate...

NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS mental retardation mental retardation OCULAR DISORDERS choroidoretinal defects choroidal coloboma, retinal coloboma, macular coloboma, corneal defects not including dystrophy microphthalmos (anteposterior globe diameter less than 20 mm, in adult), anophthalmos eye, motility defects strabismus convergent, esotropia, misalignment of the visual axes of the eyes iris anomalie...

Jarcho Levin syndrome is a rare genetic disorder characterized by multipl vertebral and costal anomalies at birth. Jarcho Levin syndrome includes two phenotypic groups: spondylothoracic dysostosis and spondylocostal dysostosis. The prognosis of spondylothoracic dysostosis has worse than spondylocostal dysostosis, because of respiratory complications. Associated malformations include those of th...

Kabuki syndrome (also known as Niikawa-Kuroki syndrome) is a rare autosomal disorder, characterized by an unusual face, short stature, skeletal, visceral and dermatoglyphic abnormalities, cardiac anomalies, mental retardation, and immunological defects. Point mutations and large intragenic deletions and duplications of the mixed lineage leukemia 2 (MLL2) and exons deletions of lysine demethylas...

OBJECTIVE Myelomeningocele may be isolated but more frequently is associated with other anomalies. Congenital heart disease occurs with different incidence rate in myelomeningocele which is observed more frequently with skeletal malformations. METHODS This study was undertaken in the Children's Hospital Medical Center between 2010 to 2012 to evaluate 75 myelomeningocele patients for cardiac a...

Congenital anomalies are a major cause of stillbirths and neonatal mortality. The pattern and preva-lence of congenital anomalies may vary over time or with geographical location. The aim of this pa-per is to determine the pattern of congenital anomalies in newborns and to study maternal and peri-natal risk factors. This prospective case study was carried out in the Obstetrics and Gynaecology d...

PURPOSE Kabuki syndrome is a multiple congenital malformation syndrome, with characteristic facial features, mental retardation, and skeletal and congenital heart anomalies. However, the cardiac anomalies are not well described in the Korean population. We analyzed the cardiac anomalies and clinical features of Kabuki syndrome in a single tertiary center. METHODS A retrospective analysis was ...

Background: Williams-Beuren syndrome (WBS) is a rare multi-system genomic disorder, caused by 7q11.23 microdeletion with a prevalence of 1/7500 1/20,000 live births. Clinical phenotype includes typical facial dysmorphism (elfin face), mental retardation associated with a peculiar neuropsychological profile and congenital heart defects. Other signs are occasional like ocular, skeletal, renal and...