incontinentia pigmenti (ip) is a rare x-linked dominant disorder with skin, eye, central nervous system (cns) and tooth abnormalities. according to the reported cases, it is estimated that there have been nearly 900-1200 affected individuals. in this article, the literature is reviewed and a case of ip with characteristic skin lesions and optic atrophy is presented.

background: calciphylaxis is a serious disorder often observed in dialysis patients and less frequently in chronic renal failure patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism. mortality rate increases following the development of calciphylaxis, immediate application of parathyroidectomy along with other treatment options may be lifesaving. case presentation: a 44-year-old male patient had been on...

Background and aim: It is possible to use light sources suxh as lasers to destruct melanosomes and treat pigmented skin lesions. One of the most commonly used laser systems is Q switched ruby laser with a wave-length of 694 nm. This study was performed to evaluate the efficacy of the Q switched ruby laser in the treatment of pigmented skin lesions including lentigines (simplex or solar) and caf...

Introduction: cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is involved in pathogenesis of various tumors and possibly malignant skin tumors including malignant melanoma; however, there is not enough information about COX-2 expression in benign melanocytic lesions. In the present study we compared the expression levels of COX-2 in malignant melanoma and benign melanocytic lesions. Method: In this analytical study, ...

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic inflammatory disease accompanied with systemic organs disorder including skin changes. The MRL/MP-lpr/lpr (MRL/l) mouse is a model of human LE. MRL/l mice skin lesions exhibit a decreased activity in histamine-N-methyltransferase (HMT) and impaired histamine metabolism. In order to clarify the role of histamine receptors (HRs) including H1R, H2R a...

Introduction: Chemical weapons , which their history dates back to the first world war , refer to any factor that has direct toxic effects on human being , animals and plants. Iraqi regime used chemical weapons and various poisons during the imposed war against Iran of which mustard and nervous gases are examples that their effects are seen in victims even after passing many years. Materials a...