Background: Melasma is a common disorder of hyperpigmentation affecting millions of people worldwide. All the exact pathways to understand the complete pathogenesis of melasma is unknown. Aims: To determine the biophysical characteristics of melasma skin compared to the normal surrounding skin. Methods: Thirty-six patients with melasma were recruited in this case-control study. The subtype of m...

Because tyrosinase catalyzes melanin synthesis, tyrosinase inhibitors are important in cosmetic skin-whitening. Oxidative stress contributes to skin aging and can adversely affect skin health, which means antioxidants active in skin cells may support skin health. We examined 25 traditional Chinese herbal medicines that might be useful for skin-whitening and skin health. Extracts (100microg/mL) ...

Background and objectives: Phytochemical studies have shown that the Phlomis species are rich in polyphenolics and iridoid glycosides and many of them have shown potential value in different biological and pharmacological activities. In this study, we evaluated the effect of Phlomis persica, P. brugieri, P. olivieri and P. anisodontea</em...

due to the destruction of the ozone layer. Our skin is more exposed to UV radiation and often suffers from various harmful effects of UV. Melanin prodcution in human skin is an important defense mechanism against UV and a major determinant of skin color. Melanocytes residing within the basal layer of the epidermis synthesize melanin in specialized organelles, designated as melanosomes, by coord...

Skin pigmentation disorders refer to conditions that affect the color of skin due alterations in production or distribution melanin, pigment responsible for color. The development is a complex process involving various signaling pathways, including melanin synthesis pathway, cyclic AMP and Wnt pathway. Dysregulation these pathways can lead disorders. Phytotherapeutic approaches have been increa...

Amino acids are one of the most necessary substances in intracellular metabolic processes.aromatic aminoacids such as phenylalanine and tyrosine are precursor of melanin so are important materials for the skin pigmentation.metabolic disorders in the melanin synthesis causes milky macules on the skin of patients,known as vitiligo.these patients are hypersensitive to sunlight and consequently at ...

The present study is an attempt to investigate the possibility that ultraviolet irradiation in the presence of pheomelanin may be more harmful to cells than the irradiation in the presence of eumelanin. The effects of UV-visible irradiation upon Ehrlich ascites carcinoma cells in the presence of the melanin isolated from human black hair (eumelanin) or from red hair (pheomelanin) were investiga...

BACKGROUND It has been reported that royal jelly would reduce melanin synthesis and inhibit the expression of melanogensis related proteins and genes. In this study, we evaluate the anti-melanogenic and depigmenting activity of 10-hydroxy-2-decenoic acid (10-HDA) from royal jelly of Apis mellifera. METHODS In this study, we assesses the 10-HDA whitening activity in comparison with the changes...