BACKGROUND Previous studies have shown markedly lower birth weight among infants of South Asian origin compared with those of White European origin. Whether such differences mask greater adiposity in South Asian infants and whether they persist across generations in contemporary UK populations is unclear. Our aim was to compare birth weight, skinfold thickness and cord leptin between Pakistani ...

BACKGROUND The loss of muscle mass is associated with aging. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of resistance training and detraining on muscle mass in elderly women. METHODS Twenty post-menopausal women aged ≥50 years old were enrolled. Matching for age, they were randomly assigned into control and resistance training group (RT). The intervention consisted of three sets of 10...

INTRODUCTION Since the excess of body fat is associated with higher morbid-mortality rates (mainly in adults), precise, reliable, cost-effective, and broadly applicable methods are necessary for its assessment in population-based studies and in clinical practice. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the correlation between body fat estimated either by bioelectrical impedance or by the sum of skinfold thickn...

OBJECTIVE To assess the influence of low birth weight in full-term infants on body composition at school age. METHOD This is a cross-sectional study nested in a cohort of 375 infants recruited at birth between 1993 and 1994 in the state of Pernambuco, Brazil. At 8 years of age, the body composition of 213 children from this cohort was assessed by measurement of triceps and subscapular skinfol...

Studies conducted on children and adults have pointed to the correlation of BMI (kg/m2) with risk factors for certain diseases. Other studies have stressed a more intense correlation between the risk factors and indicators of subcutaneous fat obtained in other ways. The aim Of the study was to compare the intensity of correlation between the risk factors and triceps and subscapular skinfold thi...

After initial treatment for breast cancer, lymphedema often affects the trunk as well as the arm. Evaluation of truncal swelling by the clinical "pinch test" of the posterior axillary fold is unreliable. Our aim was to develop an objective measurement, using modified Harpenden skinfold calipers. Standard Harpenden skinfold calipers exert a pressure of 12.6 g.mm-2, which rapidly squeezes edema f...

BACKGROUND Whether alterations in the sympathoadrenal system contribute to obesity or, rather, are consequences of it, is an unresolved issue. OBJECTIVE We hypothesized that the sympathoadrenal system plays a predictive role in the development of body fat. DESIGN At entry, arterial plasma epinephrine and norepinephrine concentrations were measured in 99 healthy men (x +/- SD age: 19.3 +/- 0...

OBJECTIVE The present study was conducted to evaluate physical growth and nutritional status of 214 school-going girls ranging in age from 5 to 12 years of rural area in Pauri Garhwal district of Uttaranchal. METHODS Physical growth was evaluated using eleven standard anthropometric measurements viz., height, body weight, sitting height, biepicondylar humerus, bicondylar femur, head circumfer...

Central fat deposition is associated with increased risk of coronary heart disease morbidity and mortality in women. Subcutaneous fat distribution was investigated as a potential factor that might exacerbate diet-induced coronary artery atherosclerosis (CAA) in female cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) which share with North American Caucasian women a gender-related protection against CAA...

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of a light, high-repetition resistance-training program on skinfold thicknesses and muscular strength in women. Thirty-nine active women (mean age 38.64 +/- 4.97 years) were randomly placed into a resistance-training group (RT; n = 20) or a control group (CG; n = 19). The RT group performed a resistance-training program called Bodymax for...