Electrical Impedance Tomography (EIT) has potential for imaging of the head to image cerebral edema and stroke, and to assist the EEG inverse problem. One key challenge is the low distinguishability of head EIT. In this paper, we develop a strategy to improve distinguishability by optimizing electrode configurations and stimulation and measurement patterns. In a hemispherical simulation phantom...

Radiofrequency (RF) field wave behavior and associated nonuniform image intensity at high magnetic field strengths are examined experimentally and numerically. The RF field produced by a 10-cm-diameter surface coil at 300 MHz is evaluated in a 16-cm-diameter spherical phantom with variable salinity, and in the human head. Temporal progression of the RF field indicates that the standing wave and...

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common, aggressive, highly malignant and infiltrative of all brain tumors with low rate of control. The main goal of this work was to evaluate the spatial dose distribution into a GBM simulator inside a head phantom exposed to a 15 MV 3D conformal radiation therapy in order to validate internal doses. A head and neck phantom developed by the Ionizing Ra...

Isolated radial head fractures are rare and comprise about 2% of all fractures around the elbow. Bilateral radial head fractures are even rarer and few cases have been reported. We present a case of bilateral elbow effusion in a 28-year-old male patient. An initial diagnosis of inflammatory arthritis was made but on investigation it turned out to be a case of bilateral radial head fracture. The...

Introduction: Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS) is an imaging method in which light source and detector are installed on the head; consequently, re-emission of light from human skin contains information about cerebral hemodynamic alteration. The spatial probability distribution profile of photons penetrating tissue at a source spot, scattering into the tissue, and being released at ...

Introduction: Multiple fields and presence of heterogeneities create complex dose distributions that need three dimensional dosimetry. In this work, we investigated MR-based MAGIC gel dosimetry as a three-dimensional dosimetry technique to measure the delivered dose to bladder and rectum in prostate radiation therapy. Materials and Methods: A heterogeneous slab phantom including bones was made....

Traumatic intracranial pseudoaneurysms occurring after blunt head injuries are rare. We report an unusual case of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) caused by rupturing of the traumatic pseudoaneurysm of the internal carotid artery (ICA) bifurcation that resulted from a non-penetrating injury. In a patient with severe headache and SAH in the right sylvian cistern, which developed within 7 days after...

The purpose of this study is to quantify the discrepancy between optical guidance platform (OGP) frameless localization system (Varian) and Trilogy on-board imaging (OBI) system (Varian) for setting up phantom and stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) patient; and to determine whether cone-beam CT (CBCT) is necessary for OGP patient setup, and compare CBCT and orthogonal kV-kV in term of their verifi...

Near-infra-red (NIR) spectroscopy is increasingly being used for monitoring cerebral oxygenation and haemodynamics. One current concern is the effect of the clear cerebrospinal fluid upon the distribution of light in the head. There are difficulties in modelling clear layers in scattering systems. The Monte Carlo model should handle clear regions accurately, but is too slow to be used for reali...

Introduction:  Image  distortion  is  one  of  the  major  problems  of  magnetic  resonance  imaging  (MRI) for use in 3DMRI, velocity MRI, FMRI and radiotherapy treatment planning (RTTP). It is  widely known that the most obvious effect of the inhomogenity of the magnetic fields and the  nonlinearity  of  the  gradient  is  the  Geometric  Distortion  of  MR  tomograms.  In  this  study,  the...