E-waste or electronic waste is a major waste stream resulting from the boom in consumer electronics in the past decades. With the rapid pace of technology innovation and obsolescence that leads to shortened product lifespans, the growing demand for electronics and its resulting waste poses a significant challenge in every stage of its life-cycle from the utilization of raw materials, production...

BACKGROUND Waste produced in dental clinics has been the topic of investigations for many years. These waste materials have important health impacts and are hazardous to humans and the environment. OBJECTIVE To investigating solid waste production and its management in dental clinics in Gorgan, northern Iran. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, 45 of 143 public dental practices and 5 of ...

background: dental waste can be hazardous to humans and the environment. objective: to determine the current status of dental waste management in private and public dental clinics and private dental offices in shiraz, southern iran. methods: this cross-sectional study was conducted at the shiraz university of medical sciences from february through june 2013. a stratified random sampling method ...

Besides producing milk and other products, dairy farms also generate manure polluting the environment. This study aims to identify smallholder farmers' utilization of cattle in West Java reasons that hinder it. uses IndoDairy end-line survey data, covering 410 farmers four districts (Bandung, Garut, Cianjur, Bogor) December 2021. A qualitative descriptive analysis was employed. The results show...

The Agricultural sector has the greatest potential for improving rural livelihood and eradicating the Growth and Transformation Plan (GTP). By the end of the GTP period, the government seeks to double yields of smallholder farmers largely by scaling-up best practices, producing high value crops, expanding irrigation development and promoting natural resource conservation. A substantial increase...

The Indian population is growing rapidly (1.25 billion) and it has to fulfill its food and nutrition requirement. A collaborative strategy should be adopted for increasing productivity by intensifying available land use system. Intercropping is advanced management practices of soil fertility status, consisting of cultivating two or more crops in the same space at the same time, which have been ...

Smallholder dairy production represents a promising income generating activity for poor farmers in the developing world. Because of the perishable nature of milk, marketing arrangements for collection, distribution and sale are important for enhanced livelihoods in the smallholder dairy sector. In this study we examined the relationship between market quality and basic feeding and breeding prac...

Introduction: Accurate information on farmer and consumer behavior is the foundation for identifying public investments and policies that can effectively promote national food security and income growth objectives. This policy brief summarizes recent findings from a study on smallholder crop marketing behavior and urban consumption patterns in Eastern and Southern Africa. The full report is dow...

A literature study was undertaken on the weeding of maize on smallholder farms in Ciskei, South Africa. Most weeding under these conditions is carried out by hand pulling or hand hoeing. Only limited use is made of animal traction, and large-scale development of this method will not be possible until the conventional broadcast method of planting maize has been replaced by row planting.

 Five major bullet points (and any other comments in bold) that MUST be addressed (Table 1)  Several other comments and suggestions (Table 2). These include: o One overall point about the CRP’s smallholder focus o Several suggestions for each of the flagships o Information on CRP director o Management budget information  Comments on intellectual assets and open access sections of the proposa...