The authors hypothesized that teasing, a social interaction that benefits relational bonds at the expense of the self, should be viewed as more affiliative, and experienced as more pleasurable, by members of cultures that deemphasize positive self-differentiation. In four multimethod studies, Asian Americans attributed more affiliative intent to teasers and reported more positive target experie...

We analyze a vertically differentiated market, assuming that conventional and green firms’ products have different impacts on the environment. Heterogeneous consumers choose to be supplied by a conventional or a green firm, depending on their extra willingness to pay for a green product and the relative prices of the products in the market. We show that environmental awareness campaigns may hav...

This study builds on research demonstrating that sub-regions within the United States have different processes that abet poverty and that child poverty is spatially differentiated. We focus on the social attributes of the local area to assess what the geographic place represents in terms of social characteristics, namely racial/ethnic composition and economic structure, and to resolve apparent ...

The American sociologist Carl Couch titled his 1989 paper with a critical question which deserves far more attention than it has to date received. He asked: ‘Oral technologies: a cornerstone of ancient civilizations?’ (1989). Couch went on to write that ‘[i]f only a limited amount of information is available, a highly differentiated society cannot emerge nor be sustained’ (1989, p. 588). In a l...

Abstract In recent decades, because of the vast socio-cultural changes which occurred in Iran, Iranian women have experienced new values and identities and they have achieved more advanced education and consciousness, so that they oppose the gender stereotypes which attribute inferior characteristics to women and cause inequalities and limitations in their everyday life. Although gender stereo...

Social identity theory postulates that people are motivated to achieve a positive and distinct identity. One strategy in response to threatened identity is differentiation, the occupation of vacant social niches. Studies by Lemaine (1974) demonstrated that individuals when feeling inferior do in fact use differentiating behavior to justify themselves, both in situations with and without explici...

A free Plain Language Summary can be found within the Supporting Information of this article. Adaptations to ecological conditions may include morphological and physiological attributes, behavioural traits, social structure or a combination thereof (DeWitt et al., 1999; Heynen 2017; Koenig, 1981; Willmer 2005). These adaptations reinforce compensate each other Marshall & Wund, Mushagalusa 2019)...