The study examined the influence of climate (rainfall and temperature) variability on runoff Rivers Niger Benue confluence at Lokoja, Kogi state, Nigeria. Remotely sensed climatic data for 1979-2014 was obtained from global weather soil water assessment tools website (SWAT), generated using Soil Conservation Service Curve Number method (SCS-CN), Multivariate statistical techniques were used to ...

We present an overview of USDA Agricultural Research Service (ARS) computer models and databases related to pest-management science, emphasizing current developments in environmental risk assessment and management simulation models. The ARS has a unique national interdisciplinary team of researchers in surface and sub-surface hydrology, soil and plant science, systems analysis and pesticide sci...

soil erosion is one of the most important forms of land degradation that threatens continued and sustained agricultural production in ghana. the most severely affected areas are the three northern regions especially upper east region, where large tracts of land have been destroyed by water erosion leading to soil depth reduction and decline in soil fertility. this study was carried out in talen...

soil, a 3-dimensional component of the landscape, or simply a natural body in a soilscape with a given geopedological setting, was modeled by jenny as s = f (climate, organism, relief, parent material, time). to map such a complex body, the concept ‗pedon’ –the smallest volume that can be recognized as a soil had to be defined. classically, soil is known to function as provider, controller, reg...

among different models for runoff estimation in watershed management, the soil conservation services-curve number (scs-cn) method along with its modifications have been widely applied to ungauged watersheds because of quickly and more accurate estimation of surface runoff. this approach has been widely accepted by hydrologists, water resources planners, foresters, and engineers, as well. theref...

a Southern Global Change Program, USDA Forest Service, 920 Main Campus Dr., Venture II, Suite 300, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA b Southern China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, PR China c College of Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, PR China d University of British Columbia-Okanagan, 3333 University Way, Kelowna, BC, Canada V1V 1V7 e Coweeta ...

Estimation of direct runoff volume and peak runoff rates for small rural catchments in Kenya, East Africa, poses a problem in view of the limited gauged data available. The problem can be circumvented by adopting a modelling approach. This, however, does require some base data for model calibration and validation. A highly reliable data base for two small catchments, Sambret (7.02 km) and Lagan...

In terms of engineering standards, the dimensions hydraulic structures such as culverts on forest roads should have capability to drain expected maximum discharge for a 50-year return period during their lifespan (i.e., 20 years). Turkey, Talbot’s formula, empirical method, has commonly been used in determining required cross-sectional area (CSA) structures. However, practice, road engineers Tu...

The main challenge to restoration in Iceland is vast areas of severely degraded land that has limited resource retention and limited ecosystem functioning. These are often hostile environments for plant establishment and survival, due to unstable surfaces that are prone to intensive cryoturbation and erosion by wind and have limited water-holding capacity. Most of the degraded rangelands are op...