The impact of nitrogen (N) fertilization in the vineyard on vine productivity, fermentation, and wine sensory properties was compared to that winery N addition enological characters Chardonnay between 2016 2018. Five treatments, including no or (No N), diammonium phosphate (+DAP), organic (+Org soil (Soil foliage (Foliar N) were evaluated. Foliar treatment evaluated 2017 2018 only, while other ...

Most free-living barnacles are hermaphroditic, and eggs are presumed to be fertilized either by pseudo-copulation or self-fertilization. Although the common northeast Pacific intertidal gooseneck barnacle, Pollicipes polymerus, is believed only to cross-fertilize, some isolated individuals well outside penis range nonetheless bear fertilized eggs. They must therefore either self-fertilize or-co...

Sperm quality plays an important role in vertebrates in determining which male has the advantage when two or more males compete to fertilize a female's ova. In insects, however, the importance of sperm quality has never been considered, despite sperm competition being widespread and well studied in this group. We tested the hypothesis that sperm viability, measured as the proportion of live spe...

A proper dialogue between spermatozoa and the egg is essential for conception of a new individual in sexually reproducing animals. Ca(2+) is crucial in orchestrating this unique event leading to a new life. No wonder that nature has devised different Ca(2+)-permeable channels and located them at distinct sites in spermatozoa so that they can help fertilize the egg. New tools to study sperm ioni...

Male reproductive health has been under scrutiny recently. Many studies in the literature have concluded that semen quality is declining and that the incidence of testicular cancers is increasing. The reason for this change has been attributed to damage in sperm chromatin. During in vivo reproduction, the natural selection process ensures that only a spermatozoon with normal genomic material ca...

Primary spermatocytes are the male germ cells before meiosis I. To examine whether these 4n diploid cells are genetically competent to fertilize oocytes and support full embryo development, we introduced the nuclei of pachytene/diplotene spermatocytes into oocytes that were arrested in prophase I (germinal vesicle stage), metaphase I, or metaphase II (Met II). Both the paternal and maternal chr...

After natural or artificial insemination, the spermatozoon starts a journey from the site of deposition to the place of fertilization. However, only a small subset of the spermatozoa deposited achieves their goal: to reach and fertilize the egg. Factors involved in controlling sperm transport and fertilization include the female reproductive tract environment, cell-cell interactions, gene expre...

In vitro fertilization, one of assisted reproduction`s technique is, for some couples, the only possibility to conceive a child. One of the main condition that must be fulfield in order to reach this goal is the quality of human oocytes. The ovarian stimulation protocols used have as an important goal the oocytes quality. The maturity grade of the oocytes is a good indicator of their quality.Th...

The silkworm, Bombyx mori, has a dimorphic sperm system. The eupyrene sperm is the sperm to fertilize eggs and the apyrene sperm plays a crucial role for assisting fertilization. Heat-treated (33 degrees C for 96h) Daizo (DH) males, one of the strains in the silkworm, produce only eupyrene sperm, while in triploid males only apyrene sperm are functional. Though both types of males are found to ...