Platinum extraction from different secondary sources has been experimentally tested by many researchers. In this article, dissolution of platinum in aqua-regia solution from two types of spent catalysts (reforming and nitric acid production) was kinetically studied. A variety of kinetic models for heterogeneous solid-liquid reactions, including homogeneous diffusion model, shrinking core model,...

A key parameter for the application of polymer gels in water shut off treatment is the adsorption of polymer gel onto the rock surface. So, the adsorption properties of a nanocomposite hydrogel were discussed in this research by crosslinking of sulfonated polyacrylamide/sodium montmorillonite aqueous solutions with chromium triacetate. The X-ray diffraction patterns indicated that exfoliated ty...

In this research study, methanol synthesis catalysts were manufactured with various mole ratios of metal carbonates (zinc, copper and aluminum carbonate) and ammonium hydrogen carbonate via a green solid-state method that employed a ball mill apparatus. Some parameters for the catalyst preparation, such as Al mole percent, Cu/Zn mole ratio, rotations milling speeds and aging time, were optimize...

1 Introduction A central problem of language learnability is the learning of restrictive grammars, grammars that generate all the observed forms but as few others as possible. Given only positive evidence, there are many grammars consistent with the observed data, and the learner must select the most restrictive grammar among these. If the learner mistakenly adopts a broader grammar, no positiv...

The multi-level governance (MLG) approach is widely used to understand the complex processes of immigration policymaking. In this literature review, we consider both (i) vertical dimension MLG: local, regional, national, European, or even global level; and (ii) horizontal relations between public non-public actors. While focusing on local level, review identifies a trend regarding, one hand, bo...

Objetivos: Comparar el gasto energético en reposo (GER) y el cociente GER/masa libre de grasa (MLG) entre niños con delgadez constitucional (CL) y niños con peso normal, y describir la agregación familiar de la DC. Material y métodos: Hemos estudiados 18 niños y adolescentes con DC, 10 niñas y 8 niños, y 18 controles pareados con aquellos por edad, sexo y mismo estadío puberal. Todos fueron cap...

A primary trisomic (2n5 2x1 1) is an excellent cytogenetic tool to locate genes and associate linkage groups to their respective chromosomes in diploid plant species. In soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.], 11 molecular linkage groups (MLGs) were previously assigned to their respective chromosomes using simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers and primary trisomics. The chromosome location of the SSR ...

We report on the use of bromine intercalation of graphite to perform in situ tuning of the Schottky barrier height (SBH) formed at many-layer-graphene (MLG) semiconductor interfaces. The intercalation of Br into MLG simultaneously increases interlayer separation between the graphene planes, while at the same time giving rise to an increase (decrease) in the free hole carrier density (Fermi ener...

BACKGROUND Grasses are lignocellulosic materials useful to supply the billion-tons annual requirement for renewable resources that aim to produce transportation fuels and a variety of chemicals. However, the polysaccharides contained in grass cell walls are built in a recalcitrant composite. Deconstruction of these cell walls is still a challenge for the energy-efficient and economically viable...

osmotic dehydration, as a minimal processing method, has found increasingly wide prospects during the past few decades. this process involves mass transfer which is commonly modeled by applications of different procedures, mostly based on fick's law. in this research, we approached the modeling process by first obtaining experimental measurement of potato’s solid gain, water loss and moisture c...