There is far less study of the refining effect of super gravity fields on solidification structures of metals than of the effects of electrical currents, magnetic and ultrasonic fields. Moreover, the refining mechanisms of super gravity are far from clear. This study applied a super gravity field to Al-Cu alloys to investigate its effect on refining their structures and the mechanism of interac...

In AA2618 aluminum alloy, the iron- and nickel-rich intermetallics formed during solidification are of great effect on the mechanical properties of the alloy at both room temperature and elevated temperatures. However, the solidification behavior of the alloy and the formation mechanism of the intermetallics during solidification of the alloy are not clear. This research fills the gap and contr...

IDS (InterDendritic Solidification) is a thermodynamic–kinetic–empirical tool for simulation of solidification phenomena of steels including phase transformations from melt down to room temperature. In addition, important thermophysical material properties (enthalpy, thermal conductivity, density, etc.) are calculated. The model has been developed in the Laboratory of Metallurgy, Helsinki Unive...

Solidification morphology directly impacts the mechanical properties of materials; hence many models of the morphological evolution of dendritic structures have been formulated. However, there is a paucity of validation data for directional solidification models, especially the direct observations of metallic alloys, both for cellular and dendritic structures. In this study, we performed 4D syn...

The formation of regular patterns is a common feature of many solidification processes involving cast materials. We describe here how regular patterns can be obtained in porous alumina and hydroxyapatite (HAP) by controlling the freezing of ceramic slurries followed by subsequent ice sublimation and sintering, leading to multilayered porous ceramic structures with homogeneous and well-defined a...

This paper describes the results of experiments on metal droplet undercooling, and presents a preliminary analysis of the structures obtained. Work was conducted with Sn-25wt%Pb and Ni-34wt%Sn alloys. To achieve the required high degrees of undercooling, emuls i fication treatments were utilized following techniques described-by Perepezko and co-workers. Experiments show the fraction of supersa...

A theoretical study is presented of the effect of a radially converging melt flow, which is directed away from the solidification front, on the radial solute segregation in simple solidification models. We show that the classical Burton-Prim-Slichter (BPS) solution describing the effect of a diverging flow on the solute incorporation into the solidifying material breaks down for the flows conve...

Gravity has significant effects on alloy solidification, primarily due to thermosolutal convection and solid phase buoyancy. Since 2004, the European Space Agency has been supporting investigation of these effects by promoting in situ X-ray monitoring of the solidification of aluminium alloys on microgravity platforms, on earth, and in periodically varying g conditions. The first microgravity e...

In the undercooled solidification of pure metals, the dendrite tip velocity has been shown experimentally to have a strong dependence on the intensity of an external magnetic field, exhibiting several maxima and minima. In the experiments conducted in China, the undercooled solidification dynamics of pure Ni was studied using the glass fluxing method. Visual recordings of the progress of solidi...