A new binaphthylbisbipyridine-based ligand underwent diastereoselective self-assembly with silver(I) ions to form nanotubular homochiral helical coordination polymers, which further hierarchically self-assemble into nanofibers, capable of immobilizing organic solvents.

A conceptually novel nanoparticle-supported and magnetically recoverable organocatalyst has been developed, which is readily prepared from inexpensive starting materials in a truly sustainable manner; which catalyzes the Paal-Knorr reaction with high yield in pure aqueous medium that avoids the use of toxic organic solvents, even in the workup step.

This review compiles positively and negatively solvatochromic compounds which have been used to establish empirical scales of solvent polarity by means of UV/vis/near-IR spectroscopic measurements in solution-with particular emphasis on the E ~ ( 3 0 ) scale derived from negatively solvatochromic pyridinium N-phenolate betaine dyes. This requires a short discussion of the concept of solvent pol...

The fundamental correlations between solubility and solvation structure for the electrolyte system comprising N-(ferrocenylmethyl)-N,N-dimethyl-N-ethylammonium bistrifluoromethylsulfonimide (Fc1N112-TFSI) dissolved in a ternary carbonate solvent mixture is analyzed using combined NMR relaxation and computational methods. Probing the evolution of the solvent−solvent, ion−solvent and ion−ion inte...

Suitable conditions for protein crystallization are commonly identified by screening combinations of independent factors that affect crystal formation. Because precipitating agents are prime determinants of crystallization, we investigated whether a systematic exploration of combinations of mechanistically distinct precipitants would enhance crystallization. A crystallization screen containing ...

This paper reviews some illustrative examples of studies of human neurobehavioral effects from experimental as well as long-term occupational organic-solvent exposure. My objective is to present a selection of neurobehavioral solvent studies with the educational aim that we may hopefully learn from the early experiences of others. Some of the methodological problems encountered in these studies...

The mother liquor from which a biomolecular crystal is grown will contain water, buffer molecules, native ligands and cofactors, crystallization precipitants and additives, various metal ions, and often small-molecule ligands or inhibitors. On average, about half the volume of a biomolecular crystal consists of this mother liquor, whose components form the disordered bulk solvent. Its scatterin...

Solvent flattening is a powerful tool for improving crystallographic phases for macromolecular structures obtained at moderate resolution, but uncertainties in the optimal weighting of experimental phases and modified phases make it difficult to extract all the phase information possible. Solvent flattening is essentially an iterative method for maximizing a likelihood function which consists o...

# 1999 International Union of Crystallography Printed in Denmark ± all rights reserved Solvent ̄attening is a powerful tool for improving crystallographic phases for macromolecular structures obtained at moderate resolution, but uncertainties in the optimal weighting of experimental phases and modi®ed phases make it dif®cult to extract all the phase information possible. Solvent ̄attening is esse...

The central importance of solvent interactions in stabilization of specific protein structure has long been recognized. Decades ago, Tanford and Kirkwood treated in detail the interaction of charges with solvent, and they showed how desolvation/burial of charges upon protein folding was an important factor in stability.1 The influence of their model, with further elaborations, can still be seen...