BACKGROUND Oropharyngeal dysphagia is common in individuals after stroke. Taste and temperature are used in dysphagia rehabilitation. The influence of stimuli, such as taste and temperature, on swallowing biomechanics has been investigated in both healthy individuals and in individuals with neurological disease. However, some questions still remain unanswered, such as how the sequence of offere...

Re ursive predi ates frequently generate some state whi h is updated after the re ursive all. We present a sour e to sour e transformation whi h an move the state update before to the re ursive all, thus helping to make the predi ate tail re ursive, and report on its implementation in the Merury ompiler.

a greenhouse experiment was performed in the framework of a completely randomized design and a factorial arrangement to evaluate the effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (amf) on growth and on root antioxidant enzyme changes of two citrus rootstocks (sour orange and rough lemon). the experimental factors were: mycorrhizal treatments at two levels (inoculation with glomus mosseae vs. control) ...

As oil and gas reserves become depleted, producers are increasingly driven to process difficult or unconventional petrochemical fuel sources to sell to the market in order to meet rising demand. One such source is the production of sour gas wells that contain high levels of mercaptan (thiol) species. In sour gas processing applications, a waste acid gas stream (ie. a stream containing high conc...

background: in the recent years nanostructured materials have been the focus of researches due to their wide-spread possibilities to provide new shapes and structures for some materials. microemulsions can provide uniform nano-sized droplets for templating. microemulsions are isotropic, thermodynamically-stable systems of oil, water and surfactant with a 20-200 nm droplet size. they can be prep...

Water used in coffee preparation has essential importance on flavour. In this study, it was aimed to determine effect of water (soft, medium hard and hard) volatile compounds sensory properties Turkish coffee. It revealed that number prepared with higher than soft water. Medium contain 30 from aldehyde (2), furan (13), furanone (1), ketone pyrazine (7), pyridine pyrrole (3), thiophene (1) class...

Malic acid was first isolated by Carl Wilhelm Scheele from apple juice in 1785. Scheele was born in 1742 in Stralsund. The German seaport of Stralsund is situated on the southern coast of a sound of the Baltic Sea that separates the island of Rügen from the mainland. This small town remained under Swedish control until 1815, when it became a part of the Prussian Province of Pomerania. Thus, Sch...

Water kefir is a sour, alcoholic, and fruity fermented beverage of which the fermentation is started with water kefir grains. These water kefir grains consist of polysaccharide and contain the microorganisms responsible for the water kefir fermentation. In this work, a water kefir fermentation process was followed as a function of time during 192 h to unravel the community dynamics, the species...