The preparation of monodisperse azobenzene (Azo) polymer microspheres by dispersion polymerization was reported. photo-induced fusion Azo successfully achieved during the process reversible trans-cis-trans photoisomerization units, and induced various unique “microsphere molecular” clusters or polymers”. Encouraged this interesting phenomenon, microsphere different topological structures were s...

Fire disturbance effects on tree species distribution and landscape pattern have been widely studied. However, the effects of differences among fire regimes on the spatial pattern of genetic variability within a tree species have received less attention. The objectives of this study were to examine (a) whether the marked gradient in serotiny in Pinus banksiana along its southern range limit is ...

Coral bleaching events have been increasing in frequency and severity worldwide. The most prolonged global bleaching event began in 2014 and continued into 2017 impacting more reefs than any previous occurrence. Here we present the results of coral bleaching and mortality surveys conducted in Kāne‘ohe Bay O‘ahu, Hawai‘i and compare them to the only other widespread bleaching events to impact th...

Conduction of the cardiac action potential in a spatially and temporally defined excitation sequence involves regional differences in cell membrane properties and intercellular coupling. This produces a sequence which in some regions is nearly continuous while other regions have discontinuous conduction. The PurkinjeVentricular junction sites on the endocardial surface seem specifically designe...

Optimal myelination of neuronal axons is essential for effective brain and cognitive function. The ratio of the axon diameter to the outer fiber diameter, known as the g-ratio, is a reliable measure to assess axonal myelination and is an important index reflecting the efficiency and maximal conduction velocity of white matter pathways. Although advanced neuroimaging techniques including multico...

A method of control of spatiotemporal chaos in lattices of coupled maps is proposed in this work. Forms of spatiotemporal perturbations of a system parameter are analytically determined for oneand twodimensional logistic map lattices with different kinds of coupling to stabilize chosen spatiotemporal states previously unstable. The results are illustrated by numerical simulation. Controlled tra...

The authors analyze information from rain gauges, geostationary infrared satellites, and low earth orbiting radar in order to describe and characterize the submesoscale ( 75 km) spatial pattern and temporal dynamics of rainfall in a 50 km 75 km study area located in Sonora, Mexico, in the periphery of the North American monsoon system core region. The temporal domain spans from 1 July to 31 Aug...

A minimal reaction-diffusion model for the spatiotemporal spread of an infectious disease is considered. The model is motivated by the Feline Immunodeficiency Virus (FIV) which causes AIDS in cat populations. Because the infected period is long compared with the lifespan, the model incorporates the host population growth. Two different types are considered: logistic growth and growth with a str...

In the primary visual cortex (V1), a neuronal response to stimulation of the classical receptive field (CRF) is predominantly suppressed by a stimulus presented outside the CRF (extraclassical receptive field, ECRF), a phenomenon referred to as ECRF suppression. To elucidate the neuronal mechanisms and origin of ECRF suppression in V1 of anesthetized cats, we examined the temporal properties of...