Spectral analysis considers the problem of determining (the art of recovering) the spectral content (i.e., the distribution of power over frequency) of a stationary time series from a finite set of measurements, by means of either nonparametric or parametric techniques. This paper introduces the spectral analysis problem, motivates the definition of power spectral density functions, and reviews...

Introduction: Orofacial clefts are among the most common congenital anomalies. Patients presenting with orofacial clefts often require surgery or other complex procedures. A cleft lip or palate can be a single anomaly or a part of multiple congenital anomalies. The reported prevalence of cleft disease and associated anomalies varies widely across the literature, and is dependent on the diagnost...

We propose a novel approach for identifying the “most unusual” samples in a data set, based on a resampling of data attributes. The resampling produces a “background class” and then binary classification is used to distinguish the original training set from the background. Those in the training set that are most like the background (i.e., most unlike the rest of the training set) are considered...

We show that QCD with a sufficient number of fermions of zero bare mass has physical massless particles. That result also follows from triangle anomalies, so only our method is novel. Our method involves proving special cases of recently conjectured paramagnetic inequalities for fermions. The proofs are simple applications of the Atiyah-Patodi-Singer theorem on spectral flow.

Eighteen patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) were investigated using spectral karyotyping (SKY), and multicolor fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) banding analyses. SKY analysis confirmed previous results in patients with G-banded diploid karyotype. Nevertheless in three out of five patients with two or more chromosomal abnormalities, SKY and multicolor banding methods refin...

Duplication anomalies are quite common with ureteral duplication anomalies being the most frequent. Despite the relatively frequent incidence of a horseshoe kidney and duplication anomalies in any individual patient, the combination of horseshoe kidney and bilateral ureteric duplication is a very rare entity and very few cases have been reported to date. We present a case of a patient with nove...

nowadays, liveliness and rapid maintenance of the development process of the companies are dependent on the accurate and complete understanding of the merits of the financial activities. since these merits are relative concepts that are based on comparisons, lists of ranking and comparison of industries with each other act as useful signposts for managers, politicians, and investors. the point ...

ranking fuzzy numbers plays a very important role in decision making and some other fuzzy application systems. many different methods have been proposed to deal with ranking fuzzy numbers. constructing ranking indexes based on the centroid of fuzzy numbers is an important case. but some weaknesses are found in these indexes. the purpose of this paper is to give a new ranking index to rank vario...

North Pacific decadal oceanic and atmospheric variability is examined from a 650-yr control integration of the Community Climate System Model version 2. The dominant pattern of winter sea surface temperature (SST) variability is similar to the observed “Pacific decadal oscillation,” with maximum amplitude along the Kuroshio Extension. SST anomalies in this region exhibit significant spectral pe...

Last time, we talked about spectral ranking methods, and we observed that they can be computed as eigenvectors of certain matrices or as the solution to systems of linear equations of certain constraint matrices. These computations can be performed with a black box solver, but they can also be done with specialized solvers that take advantage of the special structure of these matrices. (For exa...