Introduction: Many people use hot water springs to treat some diseases, such as rheumatism, arthritis, and skin diseases, but they are unaware of the presence of natural radioactive substances that may be found in hot water springs. An effective way to understand the radiation risk of these elements are measuring the dose rate of radiation. In this study, for the first time, ga...

It is not well understood what determines the degree of supercooling of apoplastic sap in trees, although it determines the number and duration of annual freeze-thaw cycles in a given environment. We studied the linkage between apoplastic ice nucleation temperature, tree water status, and conduit size. We used branches of 10 gymnosperms and 16 angiosperms collected from an arboretum in Helsinki...

the main objective in production of any rainfed crop, including barley farming is to increase water productivity along with stability in the production of the rainfed crop through improvement of the agronomic management including limited single irrigation (si) and sowing date (sd). in order to determine optimal si management and limited water allocation scenarios, a field experiment was conduct...

UNLABELLED An assessment on quality and hygienic conditions of spring water was undertaken in Mongolia in 2004 with financial and technical support from the World Health Organization through AGFUND. METHODOLOGY A total of 127 springs, 99 from rural areas and 28 from Ulaanbaatar city were included in the study. The study included hygienic conditions, physical, microbiological and chemical para...

The sap of Acer okamotoanum has been termed 'bone-benefit-water' in Korea owing to its mineral and sugar content. In particular, the calcium (Ca) and potassium (K) concentrations of the sap of Acer okamotoanum are 40- and 20-times higher, respectively, than commercial spring water. In the present study, we examined whether Acer okamotoanum sap improves or prevents hypertension-like symptoms in ...

Introduction Yueya Spring, or Crescent Moon Spring, is a geological wonder located about 6 km south of Dunhuang city, Gansu Province, northwest China. It owes its name to the shape of the spring, or more precisely, the pond fed by the spring water, which resembles a Crescent Moon (Figure 1). Currently, the pond is about 200 m long in an east-west direction and about 50 m wide. The water surface...

Water transparency affects the thermal structure of lakes, and within certain lake depth ranges, it can determine whether a lake mixes regularly (polymictic regime) or stratifies continuously (dimictic regime) from spring through summer. Phytoplankton biomass can influence transparency but the effect of its seasonal pattern on stratification is unknown. Therefore we analysed long term field dat...