Demographers study population change across time and place, and traditionally they place a strong emphasis on a long-range view of population change. This paper builds on current reflections on how to structure the study of population change and proposes a two-stage perspective. The first stage, discovery, focuses on the production of novel evidence at the population level. The second stage, ex...

We examine the behaviors of one state-owned welfare-maximizing firm and one labor-managed income-per-worker-maximizing firm in a two-stage mixed market model with capacity investment as a strategic instrument. In the first stage, each firm independently decides whether or not to install capacity. This capacity may subsequently be increased, but cannot be decreased. Hence, the firm’s capital cos...

We set up an experiment to measure voter preferences trade-offs between competence and honesty. We measure the competence and honesty of candidates by asking them to work on a real effort task and decide whether to report truthfully or not the value of their work. In the first stage, the earnings are the result of the competence and honesty of one randomly selected participant. In the second st...

A two-stage questionnaire which the patient completes at home has been developed for use by gynaecological outpatients. The first stage (root) identifies the patient's problem and obtains general background information. The second stage (branch) deals with the presenting problem in depth. The system has proved highly acceptable to patients. At the clinic a non-medical assistant uses a programme...

The public preferences for environmental quality should be a primary consideration of planners and decision-makers in environmental systems planning. In the first stage of multicriteria analysis, a multi-attribute evaluation model for determining public preferences is formulated. The environmental indices are defined for a comparison of environmental quality in different metropolitan districts....

Absract: Group screening is a technique for examining a large number of factors in order to discover the few factors that have important influences on a measured response. In two-stage group screening, factors are assigned to groups and new “grouped factors” are investigated in a first stage experiment by varying all the factor values within a group simultaneously. The factors within those grou...

1. One of the few things about which I am optimistic is that we are close to a clear understanding of scientific inference. I think that, as a result of the work of many contributors, all the elements for a complete theory of scientific inference are at hand — although it is risky to say so, especially in view of the dramatic history of deductive logic after it was commonly supposed to have bee...

OBJECTIVE In this study, the immediate and extended effects of the Lidcombe Program were investigated for the first time in Iran. Treatment in the Lidcombe Program is carried out by the child's parent (or carer) in the child's everyday environment. The program has been shown to be effective with preschool children who stutter (i.e. younger than 6 years) and to a lesser extent with older childre...

Recent computational approaches to color constancy can be realized using a two-stage model of color vision. Adaptation at both the sensor stage and the second or reflectance channel stage is necessary to compute illuminant-invariant reflectance estimates. von Kries adaptation is shown to contribute significantly toward reducing, but not completely eliminating, the need for adaptation at the sec...

In this paper, we describe an innovative approach to promoting effective classroom-based groupwork and the development of children’s speaking and listening at key stage 1. This approach, known as Thinking Together, was initially developed for use with key stage 2 children. The work reported here explains how this approach has now been applied to the teaching of speaking and listening at key sta...