This paper shows that multirate processing in a cascaded discrete-time modulator allows to reduce the power consumption by up to 35%. Multirate processing is possible in a discrete-time modulator by its adaptibility with the sampling frequency. The power reduction can be achieved by relaxing the sampling speed of the first stage and increasing it appropriately in the second stage. Furthermore, ...

We discuss in this paper statistical inference of sample average approximations of multistage stochastic programming problems. We show that any random sampling scheme provides a valid statistical lower bound for the optimal (minimum) value of the true problem. However, in order for such lower bound to be consistent one needs to employ the conditional sampling procedure. We also indicate that fi...

In the context of economic design, a two-stage model is proposed that utilizes continuously variable sampling intervals. Specifically, each successive sampling interval is determined by the extremity of the latest sample. Modeling the situation as a Markov chain, the hourly cost is developed for any arbitrary set of design parameters. This proposed approach is found to be more economically desi...

BACKGROUND Community-based health insurance (CBHI) is becoming a prominent and promising concept in tackling financial health care issues confronting the poor rural communities in developing countries. Ethiopia endorsed and constituted CBHI schemes in 13 pilot "woredas" in 2010/11. This study aimed to assess the compliance of the community to CBHI scheme requirements in Thehuledere district, no...

We analyze a two stage sequential probit model that can be used to analyze survey in which questions are asked sequentially and unobservable variables of each stage can be correlated. We apply the model to innovation surveys. In the first stage, the survey asks if firms have developed a product or a process innovation. In the second stage, the survey inquires about the degree of novelty o the i...

The data used in social, behavioural, health or biological sciences may have a hierarchical structure due to the natural structure in the population of interest or due to the sampling design. Multilevel or marginal models are often used to analyse such hierarchical data. The data may include sample units selected with unequal probabilities from a clustered and stratified population. Inferences ...

D goods lend themselves to versioning but also suffer from piracy losses. This paper develops a pricing model for digital experience goods in a segmented market and explores the optimality of sampling as a piracy-mitigating strategy. Consumers are aware of the true fit of an experience good to their tastes only after consumption, and as piracy offers an additional (albeit illegal) consumption o...

In an adaptive sampling strategy based on multi-stage sampling, information gathered in earlier stages is used to choose what information to search for in the next stage. This should be the information that has the greatest probability to best improve the basis for the decisions to be made. Based on literature this paper discusses how to use this strategy to improve investigations of contaminat...

This paper presents an improved master–slave bipolar Si–SiGe HBT comparator design for ultra-high-speed data converter applications. The latch is maintained during the track stage facilitating quick transition back to the latch stage, increasing the sampling speed of the comparator. Implemented in a 0.5m 55-GHz BiCMOS Si–SiGe process, this comparator consumes approximately 80 mW with sampling s...

A new dynamic comparator is presented using modified gain stage followed by latch stage for high speed analog-to-digital converter. The gain stage of proposed comparator is a modified class AB pre-amplifier which makes it suitable for high speed of operation with small delay time and low power. The circuit is simulated in 180 nm process technology using tool Cadence Virtuoso with a supply volta...