This study investigated whether the mechanism of action of levetiracetam (LEV) is related to effects on neuronal voltage-gated Na+ or T-type Ca2+currents. Rat neocortical neurones in culture were subjected to the whole-cell mode of voltage clamping under experimental conditions designed to study voltage-gated Na+ current. Additionally, visually identified pyramidal neurones in the CA1 area of r...

The mismatched perturbations and system chattering are the two main challenging problems in sliding mode control. This paper tries to solve these problems by deriving the invariant sets created by the sliding mode controller where the present work is devoted to a second order nonlinear affine system. If the state started in these sets it will not leave it for all future time. The first invarian...

The fundamental problem of Farley-Buneman turbulence in the auroral E-region has been discussed and debated extensively in the past two decades. In the present paper we intend to clarify the different steps that the auroral E-region plasma has to undergo before reaching a steady state. The mode-coupling calculation, for Farley-Buneman turbulence, is developed in order to place it in perspective...

We show that a sufficient condition for the robust stability of constrained linear model predictive control is for the plant to be open-loop stable, for zero to be a feasible solution of the associated quadratic programme and for the input weighting be sufficiently high. The result can be applied equally to state feedback and output feedback controllers with arbitrary prediction horizon. If int...

materials exhibit significant creep behavior at temperatures above 40% of their absolute melt temperature. lead, tin and their alloys are such materials which experience significant creep behavior in room temperature. one of the most important applications of the tin-lead alloys is soldering electronic circuits in electronic industry, and for lead are isolation walls and wet batteries. room tem...

An alternative structure for adaptive linear prediction is proposed in which the adaptive filter is replaced by a cascade of independently adapting, low-order stages, and the prediction is generated by means of successive refinements. When the adaptation algorithm for the stages is LMS, the associated short filters are less affected by eigenvalue spread and mode coupling problems and display a ...

In this paper, based on the switching-cell approach, a generalized steady state analysis for families of soft-switching dc-todc converters will be presented. Complete generalized design equations will also be given. The concept of generalization and step by step procedure for the generalized process are discussed and applied to selected soft-switching families such as ZVS-QRC, ZCSQRC, QSW-CC, Q...

The demand for electricity from renewable sources continues to rise, and with it, the need for more efficient wind energy conversion systems. Wind turbines equipped with a wound-rotor induction machine can be operated in a more efficient configuration than currently popular, with little to no change in system hardware. By coupling the machine to the grid inversely to the norm, losses in the sys...

In this paper, we analyze the spectra and stability of a system consisting of a working unit and repair unit, in which the working unit consists of one main unit and one standby unit, while the standby unit may deteriorate in its standby mode. Firstly, we formulate the problem into a suitable Banach space. And then we carry out a detailed spectral analysis of the system operator. Based on the s...