It is a commonly held notion in the U.S. that transforming an "underdeveloped" society into a more technologically advanced society with a higher economic standard of living results in an improved diet and better nutritional status. This notion, which persists to this day, colored the perceptions of early colonial administrators in America who believed that American Indians starved before the c...

In this paper we compare the performance of planning algorithms distinguishing and iterating between observation (diagnosis) and repair (action) phases with algorithms extending conventional planning methods with observations using n-step look ahead. Diagnosis and repair iteration planning algorithms are an extension of earlier work of Friedrich and Nejdl, n-step look ahead planning including d...

OBJECTIVES To evaluate the effectiveness of a discriminant function that predicts risk of pathogenic eating in comparison with a standard self report measure (EAT) and a clinical interview. In addition, to determine the effectiveness of this discriminant function using a variety of collegiate athletes. METHODS A total of 319 participants were asked to complete a series of self report measures...

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beneficial compensatory response to altered systemic metabolic changes in obesity needs further evaluation. Our results also confirm those obtained for skeletal muscle, with reversal of systemic and muscle metabolic derangements only 9 months after BS (3). The improvement in life-style habits may have also contributed to the late reduction in cardiac steatosis. Compared with usual care, BS is t...

Abstract Altruistic preferences have been found to be important for explaining the substantial non-use values identified in numerous stated preference surveys. However, studies analysing effect of altruism on willingness pay (WTP) underestimated challenges measuring by measures. We exploit a naturally occurring decision domain investigate role studies. employ novel dataset, collected from an In...

Employers recognize that business success depends on the human capital that drives and supports company objectives.1 But what happens when the individuals who comprise the human capital – employees – aren’t meaningfully engaged in their work? Research studies in the last decade show that only about one in every five workers is highly engaged.2 These findings means that upwards of 80 percent of ...

– Benchmarking: new approaches and algorithms ought to be validated against their predecessors to be able to accurately assess their contribution. – Best Practices: model benchmarks and reference models may contribute to improving the state of the practice of modeling by making good (or bad) examples widely accessible. – Validation: a body of examples that is generally accepted as being represe...

Nutrition in early stages of life is one of the most influential environmental factors for the good development of organs and systems and the wellbeing of the child. Epigenetic mechanisms can explain how prenatal and postnatal nutrition affects genes expression with the subsequent risk of immune and metabolic diseases. The objective of this paper is to update the knowledge of the role the nutri...

OBJECTIVE Despite tremendous efforts to scale up key maternal and child health interventions in Zambia, progress has not been uniform across the country. This raises fundamental health system performance questions that require further investigation. Our study investigates technical and scale efficiency (SE) in the delivery of maternal and child health services in the country. SETTING The stud...