OBJECTIVE Schizophrenia patients consistently demonstrate performance deficits on visual masking procedures. The present study examined whether attentional manipulation would improve subjects' performance on visual masking. METHOD A metacontrast task was administered to 105 schizophrenia patients and 52 healthy comparison subjects. Attention was manipulated by associating selected trials of t...

The branch of statistics known as inferential statistics tries to find out information about a population by studying a representative sample of that population. The main tools of inferential statistics are the statistical significance tests. Every statistical significance test includes two hypotheses; the null hypothesis (H0) and the alternative hypothesis (H1). The null hypothesis assumes tha...

Meta-analysis multiplicity, the concept of conducting multiple tests of statistical significance within one review, is an underdeveloped literature. We address this issue by considering how Type I errors can impact meta-analytic results, suggest how statistical power may be affected through the use of multiplicity corrections, and propose how meta-analysts should analyze multiple tests of stati...

The author evaluated the implications of nominal statistical significance for changing the credibility of null versus alternative hypotheses across a large number of observational associations for which formal statistical significance (p < 0.05) was claimed. Calculation of the Bayes factor (B) under different assumptions was performed on 272 observational associations published in 2004-2005 and...

A definition for the statistical significance of a signal in an experiment is proposed by establishing a correlation between the observed p-value and the normal distribution integral probability, which is suitable for both counting experiment and continuous test statistics. The explicit expressions to calculate the statistical significance for both cases are given.

Time series motif discovery is the task of extracting previously unknown recurrent patterns from time series data. It is an important problem within applications that range from finance to health. Many algorithms have been proposed for the task of efficiently finding motifs. Surprisingly, most of these proposals do not focus on how to evaluate the discovered motifs. They are typically evaluated...

When nonparametric statistical tests are used to rank-order a list of alternatives, Simpsonlike paradoxes arise, in which the individual parts give rise to a common decision, but the aggregate of those parts gives rise to a different decision. Haunsperger (Haunsperger 2003) and Bargagliotti (Bargagliotti, submitted manuscript, 2008) have shown that the KruskalWallis (Kruskal and Wallis 1952), M...