BACKGROUND Nebulized hypertonic saline (HS) treatment is unavailable to large populations worldwide. OBJECTIVES To determine the bacterial contamination and electrolyte concentrations in homemade (HM-HS) vs. pharmacy made (PM-HS). METHODS We conducted three double-blind consecutive trials: 50 boiled-water homemade 3%-HS (B-HM-HS) bottles and 50 PM-HS. The bottles were cultured after 48 hour...

PURPOSE Issues surrounding pharmacy compounding as well as patient safety concerns surrounding compounding of high-risk level products are discussed. SUMMARY The practice of traditional pharmacy compounding is an established activity of pharmacists that serves a vital function to meet the prescribed medical needs of individual patients. However, legal and regulatory debate concerning the over...

Abstract We review the status of light sterile neutrino searches, motivated by original Short BaseLine (SBL) anomalies. Here, we discuss how properties can be constrained different types oscillation experiments (considering appearance or disappearance probes in channels) and non-oscillation measurements. These latter include aiming at obtaining a value for absolute scale masses (β decay probes)...

Malaysia currently has a total 19,260 registered pharmacists with active practising certificate which is regulated by the Pharmacy Board of and relevant pharmacy laws regulations. In tandem evolvement medicine, are responsible for ensuring safe effective use medications, they play key role in providing healthcare to public as frontliner, educator clinician. For instance, community pharmacies, d...