Abstract Al 2 O 3 is a broadly employed dielectric material in GaN high electron mobility transistors. Nevertheless, at the /GaN interface, numerous traps induced by nonidealities of native GaO x layer on surface can lead to threshold voltage instability and other reliability issues. In this study, after removing layer, stoichiometric Ga was sandwiched between GaN. The interfacial state density...

Broader context Cuprous oxide (Cu2O) is a candidate material for photovoltaic and photoelectrochemical device applications due to its suitable band gap and low processing cost. Furthermore, due to the natural abundance of its component elements in the atmosphere and crust, it is a candidate for terawatt scale solar energy production. Given the electronic band gap of Cu2O is 2.1 eV, the detailed...

Article is made available in accordance with the publisher's policy and may be subject to US copyright law. Please refer to the publisher's site for terms of use. The MIT Faculty has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters. N-type Bi 2 Te 2.7 Se 0.3 bulk thermoelectric materials with peak ZT values up to $1 were examined by transmission ...

A natural condition on the structure of the underlying chemical reaction network, namely weak reversibility, is shown to guarantee the existence of an equilibrium (steady state) in each positive stoichiometric compatibility class for the associated mass-action system. Furthermore, an index formula is given for the set of equilibria in a given stoichiometric compatibility class.

Single-crystal Ni-base superalloys, consisting of a two-phase γ/ γ ' microstructure, retain high strengths at elevated temperatures and are key materials for high temperature applications, like, e.g., turbine blades of aircraft engines. The lattice misfit between the γ and γ ' phases results in internal stresses, which significantly influence the deformation and creep behavior of the material. ...

A new model for equilibria at the interface of a sparingly soluble crystal is reviewed. It provides that several kinds of equilibria are present and each type is characterized by (i) a set of species that are transported across the phase boundary, (ii) a set · of chemical reactions which describe this transport process, and (iii) a set of thermodynamic expressions which define equilibrium. Thre...

Ecologists are increasingly recognizing the importance of consumers in regulating ecosystem processes such as nutrient cycling. Ecologists have recently made considerable progress in understanding nutrient cycling and trophic interactions in pelagic systems by application of a new concept, ecological stoichiometry, to consumer-driven processes. In this paper we synthesize these conceptual advan...

2014 Some aspects of the thermodynamic state of CdTe crystals grown by different zone passing techniques (sealed ingot zone refining technique and THM in tellurium solvent) are considered with regard to the general objective of getting high resistivity crystals. A vapour growth technique, called sublimation THM, which reduces several drawbacks of classical THM using a tellurium solvent, is deve...

Methods to convert amines to formamides are of interest due to the many uses of formamides as synthetic intermediates. These methods include stoichiometric reactions of formylating reagents and catalytic reactions with CO as the carbonyl source. This review discusses the reported stoichiometric and catalytic approaches for preparation of formamides.