OBJECTIVE To evaluate the preventive effects of alkaline citrate on stone recurrence as well as stone growth post-ESWL or PCNL in patients with calcium-containing stones. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 76 patients with calcium calculi who were stone-free or had residual stones less than 4 mm following ESWL and PCNL were enrolled. All patients were independently randomized into two groups. T...

Transl Androl Urol 2014;3(3):241 www.amepc.org/tau The regulation of dietary and supplemental calcium intake in relation to urinary stone disease is not well understood (1). For instance, why do most patients with primary hyperparathyroidism with markedly increased serum and urinary calcium not have a history of urinary stone disease? There must be other factors involved in stone formation. Cal...

We have investigated urine protein inhibitors of calcium oxalate crystallization to determine whether variations in these proteins are associated with kidney stone disease and whether protein measurements improve the identification of stone formers compared with conventional risk factors (RF). Using Western blotting, we studied variations in the electrophoretic mobility patterns and relative ab...

PURPOSE To determine the predictive value of certain radiological parameters for an objective asssessment of the presence of ureteral stone impaction. MATERIALS AND METHODS Seventy-nine patients with a single proximal ureteral stones were retrieved from the departmental database. Both clinical and particularly radiological data of all cases were well evaluated on this aspect. In addition to t...

C OARCTATION of the aorta often is associated with other lesions or defects of the heart or great vessels which may influence the outcome of surgery. Infrequently, the coarctation occurs at an atypical site. Of the 118 cases to be reviewed in this paper, 56, or, roughly, one in two, present unusual findings. The frequency with which complicating conditions are met makes the search for additiona...

How long-extinct jawless fishes fed is poorly understood, yet interpretations of feeding are an important component of many hypotheses concerning the origin and early evolution of vertebrates. Heterostracans were the most diverse clade of armoured jawless vertebrates (stem gnathostomes), and the structure of the mouth and its use in feeding are the subjects of long-standing and heated controver...

Mutations of the segment polarity group in Drosophila melanogaster produce additional denticles with reversed polarity in every segment of the larval cuticle. We have investigated the effect of mutations in different elements of the bithorax complex on the segmental identity of these additional pattern elements. Our results suggest that they are derived, primarily, from the anterior compartment...

The success of medical therapies may depend on the type of stone. Knowledge of stone composition often dictates the course of treatment followed by the urologist [5,8]. It can shed some light on the nature of stone formation and identify metabolic abnormalities and underlying medical conditions [9]. Stone composition may thus provide the critical insights needed to devise targeted preventative ...

The etiology of stone disease remains unknown despite the major technological advances in the treatment of urinary calculi. Clinically, urologists have relied on 24-h urine collections for the last 30-40 years to help direct medical therapy in hopes of reducing stone recurrence; yet little progress has been made in preventing stone disease. As such, there is an urgent need to develop reliable a...

The treatment options for large renal calculi are controversial. We report on our experience with 65 treatments of renal calculi > 3 cm using extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy (SWL) monotherapy. We stratified our results according to stone and collecting system surface areas (measured by computer image analyses), stone location, and stone type. The overall success rate of SWL monotherapy was...