Yi i.i.d. ∼ pθ∗ , i = {1, . . . , n} where θ∗ ∈ Θ. We can view pθ∗ as a member of a parametric class of distributions, P = {pθ}θ∈Θ. Our goal is to use the observations {Yi} to select an appropriate distribution (e.g., model) from P. We would like the selected distribution to be close to pθ in some sense. We use the negative log-likelihood loss function, defined as l(θ, Yi) = − log pθ(Yi). The e...

The breast can be diffusely affected by a variety of specifi c and unique disorders, including benign disorders that are closely related to physiologic changes and infl ammatory and infectious diseases, as well as by benign and malignant tumors. The clinical manifestations include unilateral or bilateral breast enlargement with/without a palpable masses, shrinkage and breast asymmetry. Thus, kn...

We have previously demonstrated a number of changes in the anterior lobe proopiomelanocortin (POMC) system in chronically stressed rats. The purpose of the present experiments was to investigate whether chronically stressed rats demonstrate changes in pituitary sensitivity to glucocorticoid negative feedback. To study this question we compared the effects of glucocorticoids on ovine corticotrop...

Yi i.i.d. ∼ pθ∗ , i = {1, . . . , n} where θ∗ ∈ Θ. We can view pθ∗ as a member of a parametric class of distributions, P = {pθ}θ∈Θ. Our goal is to use the observations {Yi} to select an appropriate distribution (e.g., model) from P. We would like the selected distribution to be close to pθ in some sense. We use the negative log-likelihood loss function, defined as l(θ, Yi) = − log pθ(Yi). The e...

Lippia citriodora H.B.K. is a valuable medicinal plant of Verbenaceae family. This study was calculated to evaluate potential role of salicylic acid (SA) in diminish the harmful effects of drought stress on L. citriodora plants. SA (0.5 and 1 mM) was used to L. citriodora plants grown under stressed (5, 10, 15 and 20% PEG) and unstressed conditions. Fresh weight (FW) and relative water content ...

in this study the effect of salt stress on banding patterns of superoxide dismutase (sod), catalase (cat) and peroxidase (pox) in 18 genotypes of white common bean (phaseolus vulgaris l.) were examined under two levels of nacl )0 and 400 mm) stress. for each isozymic band the “density × area” scores on gels were evaluated by mcid software and considered as enzymatic activity. three isozymes wer...

Yi i.i.d. ∼ pθ∗ , i = {1, . . . , n} where θ∗ ∈ Θ. We can view pθ∗ as a member of a parametric class of distributions, P = {pθ}θ∈Θ. Our goal is to use the observations {Yi} to select an appropriate distribution (e.g., model) from P. We would like the selected distribution to be close to pθ in some sense. We use the negative log-likelihood loss function, defined as l(θ, Yi) = − log pθ(Yi). The e...

We prove, that for each r∈N, n∈N and s∈N there are a collection {yi}i=12s of points y2s0 is constant, depending only on r. Moreover, we ...