This article is concerned with Alexandroff L-topological spaces and L-co-topological spaces, where L is a commutative, unital quantale. On one hand, an example is given to show that there is a finite strong L-topological space that is not Alexandroff. On the other hand, it is proved that every finite strong L-co-topological space is Alexandroff and that the category of Alexandroff strong L-co-t...

Decaying superheavy particles can be produced by Topological Defects or, in case they are quasistable, as relics from the early Universe. The decays of these particles can be the sources of observed Ultra High Energy Cosmic Rays (E ∼ 10 − 10 GeV ). The Topological Defects as the UHE CR sources are critically reviewed and cosmic necklaces and monopole-antiminopole pairs are identified as most pl...

Let G and H be graphs. The strong product GH of graphs G and H is the graph with vertex set V(G)V(H) and u=(u1, v1) is adjacent with v= (u2, v2) whenever (v1 = v2 and u1 is adjacent with u2) or (u1 = u2 and v1 is adjacent with v2) or (u1 is adjacent with u2 and v1 is adjacent with v2). In this paper, we first collect the earlier results about strong product and then we present applications of ...

We investigate the space-time of a global monopole in a five dimensional space-time in presence of the cosmological term. Also the gravitational properties of the monopole solution are discussed. Pacs Nos. : 98.80cq; 04.20jb; 04.70Bw Introduction: Recent attempts to Unify gravity with other fundamental forces in nature reveal that it is very interesting to study models where the space-time dime...

We study topological spaces with the strong Skorokhod property, i.e., spaces on which all Radon probability measures can be simultaneously represented as images of Lebesgue measure on the unit interval under certain Borel mappings so that weakly convergent sequences of measures correspond to almost everywhere convergent sequences of mappings. We construct nonmetrizable spaces with such a proper...

In this book authors for the first time introduce the notion of strong neutrosophic graphs. They are very different from the usual graphs and neutrosophic graphs. Using these new structures special subgraph topological spaces are defined. Further special lattice graph of subgraphs of these graphs are defined and described. Several interesting properties using subgraphs of a strong neutrosophic ...

Universe types characterise aliasing in object oriented programming languages andare used to reason modularly about programs. In this report we formalise prior work byMüller and Poetzsch-Heffter, who designed the Universe Type System for a core subsetof Java. We present our work in two steps. We first give a Topological Universe TypeSystem and show subject reduction to a small-s...