In this work we introduce a novel paradigm for the construction of ramp schemes with strong multiplication that allows the secret to be chosen in an extension field, whereas the shares lie in a base field. When applied to the setting of Shamir’s scheme, for example, this leads to a ramp scheme with strong multiplication from which protocols can be constructed for atomic secure multiplication wi...

We prove the validity of an averaging principle for a class of systems of slow-fast reaction-diffusion equations with the reaction terms in both equations having polynomial growth, perturbed by a noise of multiplicative type. The models we have in mind are the stochastic Fitzhugh– Nagumo equation arising in neurophysiology and the Ginzburg–Landau equation arising in statistical mechanics.

Finite quantum groupoids can be described in many equivalent ways [8, 11, 16]: In terms of the weak Hopf C -algebras of Böhm, Nill, and Szlachányi [2] or the finite-dimensional Hopf-von Neumann bimodules of Vallin [14], and in terms of finite-dimensional multiplicative partial isometries [4] or the finite-dimensional pseudo-multiplicative unitaries of Vallin [15]. In this note, we show that in ...

We define a new type of spectrum, called δ-approximate spectrum, of an element a in a complex unital Banach algebra A and show that the δ-approximate spectrum σ_δ (a) of a is compact. The relation between the δ-approximate spectrum and the usual spectrum is investigated. Also an analogue of the classical Gleason-Kahane-Zelazko theorem is established: For each ε>0, there is δ>0 such that if ϕ is...

The multiplicative anomaly associated with the zeta-function regularized determinant is computed for the Laplace-type operators L1 = −∆+ V1 and L2 = −∆+ V2, with V1, V2 constant, in a D-dimensional compact smooth manifold MD, making use of several results due to Wodzicki and by direct calculations in some explicit examples. It is found that the multiplicative anomaly is vanishing for D odd and ...

we define a new type of spectrum, called δ-approximate spectrum, of an element a in a complex unital banach algebra a and show that the δ-approximate spectrum σ_δ (a) of a is compact. the relation between the δ-approximate spectrum and the usual spectrum is investigated. also an analogue of the classical gleason-kahane-zelazko theorem is established: for each ε>0, there is δ>0 such that if ϕ is...

For a graph $G$ with edge set $E(G)$, the multiplicative sum Zagreb index of $G$ is defined as$Pi^*(G)=Pi_{uvin E(G)}[d_G(u)+d_G(v)]$, where $d_G(v)$ is the degree of vertex $v$ in $G$.In this paper, we first introduce some graph transformations that decreasethis index. In application, we identify the fourteen class of trees, with the first through fourteenth smallest multiplicative sum Zagreb ...