Asian countries have experienced many financial catastrophes and pandemics in the past couple of decades. Therefore, evaluating effect structural breaks on economies has taken substantive attention empirical literature. Thus, this study aims to investigate Financial Development (FD) Economic Growth (EG) middle-income Asia. The considered global crisis 2008 as a key break. sample consisted 24 wh...

In this paper, we extend Bai and Perron’s (1998, Econometrica, p.47-78) framework for multiple break testing to linear models estimated via Two Stage Least Squares (2SLS). Within our framework, the break points are estimated simultaneously with the regression parameters via minimization of the residual sum of squares on the second step of the 2SLS estimation. We establish the consistency of the...

Rarely, do we think of cancer as “bacterial”, such that we are often told that “cancer is NOT contagious” Persistent bacterial infections cause persistent irritation of the host’s defense systems, which when ineffective in eradication of the infection, result in a multitude of self-destructive damages. This in some cases occurs to such severity that the resu...

High frequency financial data modelling has become one of the important research areas in the field of financial econometrics. However, the possible structural break in volatile financial time series often trigger inconsistency issue in volatility estimation. In this study, we propose a structural break heavy-tailed heterogeneous autoregressive (HAR) volatility econometric model with the enhanc...

Topoisomerases are ubiquitous proteins found in all three domains of life. They change the topology of DNA via transient breaks on either one or two of the DNA strands to allow passage of another single or double DNA strand through the break. Topoisomerases are classified into two types: type I enzymes cleave one DNA strand and pass either one or two DNA strands through the break before reseali...

rarely, do we think of cancer as “bacterial”, such that we are often told that “cancer is not contagious” persistent bacterial infections cause persistent irritation of the host’s defense systems, which when ineffective in eradication of the infection, result in a multitude of self-destructive damages. this in some cases occurs to such severity that the resulting cellular hyper-proliferation pr...

Some comments are provided for the benefit of new workers on the use of chromosome banding techniques for the recognition, classification, scoring, and break point location of primary chromosomal structural changes.