Due to the widespread implementation of breast screening programs and improvements in diagnostic imaging, approximately 25-35% of breast cancers are non-palpable at diagnosis (Skinner et al., 2001). However, because of these breast screening programs and improvements there is an increase in the incidence of breast lesions which have to be clarified histopathologically. As well as nonpalpable br...

BACKGROUND Despite agreement about spinal cord atrophy in progressive forms of multiple sclerosis (MS), data on clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) and relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) are conflicting. OBJECTIVE To determine the onset of spinal cord atrophy in the disease course of MS. METHODS Structural brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was acquired from 267 patients with CIS (85) or RRMS...

PURPOSE Spondyloarthritis is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the musculoskeletal system driven by systemic enthesitis and typically involving the axial skeleton, ie, the spine and the sacroiliac joints. The purpose of this study was to assess the distribution pattern of inflammatory and structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings in spondyloarthritis. METHODS Retrospective study o...

introduction: central giant cell granuloma is a benign lesion but sometimes has aggressive proliferation composed of multinucleated giant cells in a background of spindle and ovoid mesenchymal cells. multifocal central giant cell granuloma of jaws is very rare and usually associated with hyperparathyroidism and some syndromes. we described an un-usual case of a 22-year-old man with idi-opathic ...

background lesions in perineal area are common. the usual treatment is coverage by skin graft and flaps which may be local, pedicled or free types. in this paper v-y flaps were used to cover the defects. methods v-y flaps were used in the gluteal area in 15 patients. lesions were due to different causes. results of 15 patients, 11 were males and 4 were females. their ages ranged from 3 weeks to...

tuberculosis is a major health problem in iran and its laryngeal involvement is not uncommon. laryngeal tuberculosis is so infectious and delay in diagnosis and treatment could result spread of disease and causes divesting complications. we reviewed clinical and para-clinical characteristics of patients with laryngeal tuberculosis in iran. in a cross sectional study, patients with laryngeal tub...

sand fly fever (sf) is an arthropod-borne viral disease, also known as “phlebotomus fever”, ‘’mosquito fever’’, three-day fever or “papatacci fever”. it is transmitted by phlebotomus papatasi , starts with acute onset of high fever, and lasts for three days. we present first cases in a different district of turkey with the clinical findings of fever, myalgia-arthralgia, headache, gastrointestin...

in order to distinguish between benign and malignant types of pigmented skin lesions, computerized procedures have been developed for images taken by different equipment that the most available one of them is conventional digital cameras. in this research, a new procedure to detect malignant melanoma from benign pigmented lesions using macroscopic images is presented. the images are taken by co...

Alexithymia refers to a person's inability to identify and describe feelings. We present a patient who developed alexithymia after carbon monoxide poisoning following a suicide attempt by burning charcoal in an enclosed space. Brain computed tomography revealed bilateral globus pallidus hypoxic lesions. Because of the time frame and the presence of brain structural lesions, the alexithymia in t...

Dental hard tissue lesions, including caries, cracked-tooth, etc., are the most prevalent diseases of people worldwide. Dental lesions and correlative diseases greatly decrease the life quality of patients throughout their lifetime. It is still hard to noninvasively detect these dental lesions in their early stages. Photoacoustic imaging is an emerging hybrid technology combining the high spati...