Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) genomes contain 2 large gene families termed pe and ppe. The function of pe/ppe proteins remains enigmatic but studies suggest that they are secreted or cell surface associated and are involved in bacterial virulence. Previous studies have also shown that some pe/ppe genes are polymorphic, a finding that suggests involvement in antigenic variation. Usin...

Structural congruences have been used to define the semantics and to capture inherent properties of language constructs. They have been used as an addendum to transition system specifications in Plotkin’s style of Structural Operational Semantics (SOS). However, there has been little theoretical work on establishing a formal link between these two semantic specification frameworks. In this pape...

The structural reliability with respect to plastic collapse or to inadaptation is formulated on the basis of the lower bound limit and shakedown theorems. A direct definition of the limit state function is achieved which permits the use of the highly effective first order reliability methods (FORM) is achieved. The theorems are implemented into a general purpose FEM program in a way capable of ...

in this paper, a concept of generalized weakly contraction mappings in partially ordered fuzzy metric spaces is introduced and  coincidence point  theorems on partially ordered fuzzy metric spaces are proved. also, as the corollary of these theorems, some common fixed point theorems on partially ordered fuzzy metric spaces are presented.

We describe an implementation of the Display Logic calculus for relation algebra as an Isabelle theory. Our implementation is the rst mechanisation of any display calculus, but also provides a useful interactive proof assistant for relation algebra. The inference rules of Display Logic are coded directly as Isabelle theorems, thereby guaranteeing the correctness of all derivations. We describe ...

Languages are constantly evolving through their users due to the need to communicate more efficiently. Under this hypothesis, we formulate unsupervised word segmentation as a regularized compression process. We reduce this process to an optimization problem, and propose a greedy inclusion solution. Preliminary test results on the Bernstein-Ratner corpus and Bakeoff-2005 show that the our method...

In a series of studies, we examined how mothers naturally stress words across multiple mentions in speech to their infants and how this marking influences infants' recognition of words in fluent speech. We first collected samples of mothers' infant-directed speech using a technique that induced multiple repetitions of target words. Acoustic analyses revealed that mothers systematically alternat...

M . Ratner's theorem on the rigidity of horocycle flows is extended to the rigidity of horospherical foliations on bundles over finite-volume locally-symmetric spaces of non-positive sectional curvature, and to other foliations of the same algebraic form.

Under explicit diophantine conditions on (α, β) ∈ R2, we prove that the local two-point correlations of the sequence given by the values (m − α)2 + (n−β)2, with (m,n) ∈ Z2, are those of a Poisson process. This partly confirms a conjecture of Berry and Tabor [2] on spectral statistics of quantized integrable systems, and also establishes a particular case of the quantitative version of the Oppen...