Personal protection measures against biting arthropods include topical insect repellents, area repellents, insecticide-treated bednets and treated clothing. The literature on the effectiveness of personal protection products against arthropods is mainly limited to studies of prevention of bites, rather than prevention of disease. Tungiasis was successfully controlled by application of topical r...

Most theories of conditionals and attitudes do not analyze either phenomenon in terms of the other. A few view attitude reports as a species of conditionals (e.g. Stalnaker 1984, Heim 1992). Based on evidence from Kalaallisut, this paper argues for the opposite thesis: conditionals are a species of attitude reports. The argument builds on prior findings that conditionals are modal topic-comment...

the green lacewing chrysoperla carnea (stephens) (neuroptera: chrysopidae) is one of the important natural enemies of pest insects. present study conducted to evaluate the side effects of some plant extracts, calotropis procera (willd.) r. br. (asclepiadaceae), fumaria parviflora lam. (fumariaceae), eucalyptus spp. (myrtaceae) and pesticide amitraz on biological parameters of the second instar ...

This paper presents a novel explicit exploration information exchange mechanism for niche technique. In this framework, the whole population is divided into many sub-populations. The different sub-population communicates with each other. One sub-population exploration area does not be explored by others. Based on this framework, a multi-sub-swarm particle swarm optimization (MSSPSO) algorithm i...

INTRODUCTION This study aims to describe the preferences of ophthalmic anaesthesia for cataract extraction among ophthalmologists in Singapore. METHODS A nationwide questionnaire survey of all cataract surgeons in institutional and private practice in Singapore was conducted in August 2004. RESULTS The response rate was 61.1 percent (88 out of 144 eligible ophthalmologists surveyed). Phacoe...

INTRODUCTION Atopic dermatitis is a chronic, pruritic, eczematous skin disease mediated through an immediate (type I) hypersensitivity reaction. Posterior sub-capsular cataracts are a recognised complication of atopic dermatitis in adults; however they are rare in children. The management of atopic dermatitis is based on the exclusion of allergens, the use of emollients, and on topical corticos...

We present several results for the periods of periodic points of sup-norm nonexpansive maps. In particular, we show that the period of each periodic point of a sup-norm non-expansive map f : M → M , where M ⊂ R, is at most maxk 2 ( n k ) . This upper bound is smaller than 3 and improves the previously known bounds. Further, we consider a special class of sup-norm non-expansive maps, namely topi...