PANTHER is a large collection of protein families that have been subdivided into functionally related subfamilies, using human expertise. These subfamilies model the divergence of specific functions within protein families, allowing more accurate association with function (ontology terms and pathways), as well as inference of amino acids important for functional specificity. Hidden Markov model...

Satellite DNA repeats were studied in Caucasian populations of 18 rock lizard species of the genus Darevskia. Four subfamilies (Caucasian Lacerta satellites (CLsat)I-IV) were identified, which shared 70%-75% sequence similarity. The distribution of CLsat subfamilies among the species was studied. All the species could be divided into at least 3 clades, depending on the content of CLsat subfamil...

Voltage-gated K+ channel (VKC) plays important roles in biology procession, especially in nervous system. Different subfamilies of VKCs have different biological functions. Thus, knowing VKCs' subfamilies has become a meaningful job because it can guide the direction for the disease diagnosis and drug design. However, the traditional wet-experimental methods were costly and time-consuming. It i...

Short interspersed nuclear elements (SINEs) are dispersed repetitive DNA sequences that are major components of all mammalian genomes. They have been described in almost all lineages of Euarchontoglires (rodents, rabbits, primates, flying lemurs, and tree shrews), except in flying lemurs. Most SINE family members are composed of three distinct regions: a 5' tRNA-related region, a tRNA-unrelated...

Physicochemical properties are potentially useful in predicting functional differences between aligned protein subfamilies. We present a method that considers physicochemical properties from ancestral sequences predicted to have given rise to the subfamilies of interest by gene duplication. Comparison between two map kinases subfamilies, p38 and ERK, revealed a region that had an excess of chan...

We give lower frame bounds for finite subfamilies of a frame of exponentials {ek}k∈Z in L2(−π, π). We also present a method for approximation of the inverse frame operator corresponding to {ek}k∈Z, where knowledge of the frame bounds for finite subfamilies is crucial.

Calcium- and sodium- activated potassium channels are members of the 6TM family K which comprises voltage-gated KV subfamilies, including KCNQ subfamily, EAG subfamily (which includes hERG channels), Ca2+-activated Slo (actually with 6 or 7TM) Ca2+- Na+-activated SK (nomenclature as agreed by NC-IUPHAR Subcommittee on sodium-activated [125]). As for 2TM family, pore-forming a subunits form tetr...

A synopsis of the cockroach family Corydiidae in North America (Canada, Mexico and USA) is made. The diversity this region comprises 65 species grouped eight genera three subfamilies. Through revision type material, Myrmecoblatta hebardi Estrada-Álvarez & Guadarrama, 2013 transferred to genus Paralatindia Saussure, 1868; Latindia mexicana 1868 retransferred Compsodes Hebard, 1917; Homoeogam...

Non-long terminal repeat retroelements continue to impact the human genome through cis-activity of long interspersed element-1 (LINE-1 or L1) and trans-mobilization of Alu. Current activity is dominated by modern subfamilies of these elements, leaving behind an evolutionary graveyard of extinct Alu and L1 subfamilies. Because Alu is a nonautonomous element that relies on L1 to retrotranspose, t...