Optimal distribution substation placement is one of the major components of optimal distribution system planning projects. In this paper optimal substation placement problem is solved using Imperialist Competitive Algorithm (ICA) as a new developed heuristic optimization algorithm. This procedure gives the optimal size, site and installation time of medium voltage substation, using their relate...

Abstract In this paper, a hybrid twin scheme for power substations is proposed secondary system simulation, which can be used to support operator training and equipment testing. The composed of hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) based substation digital reflect the real operating status both primary systems substation. Based on scheme, modeling method architecture are studied in paper. According substa...

The electricity planning department of eThekwini Municipality performs a power system load forecast based on individual substation forecasts. The individual substation forecasts have uncertainty. It is desired to understand the effect of these uncertainties on the accuracy of the total system forecast. A Monte Carlo simulation of the forecasted system loadflow was performed. By means of this ap...

Today a lot of different physical architectures for Substation Automation systems are in use, depending on the functionality as well as on the used protocol and needed reliability. Due to the manufacturer chosen communication protocol for certain functionality classes or reliability classes compromises have to be made or higher costs result. The new Substation Automation Communication standard ...

Demand response Allows the management of customer consumption of electricity in response to supply conditions. Distributed generation Electric energy that is distributed to the grid from many decentralized locations, such as from wind farms and solar panel installations. Distribution grid The part of the grid dedicated to delivering electric energy directly to residential, commercial, and indus...

A measurement system for the characterisation of impulsive noise at frequencies above 700 MHz is presented. The system consists of a pair of ultra-wideband (UWB) quasi-TEM horn antennas, a digital storage oscilloscope and an external hard disk. The particular application of interest is the recording of partial discharge and radiation arising from switching/fault transients in high-voltage elect...

With the improvement of electric information, 3D visualization for the substation in the planning, designing, inspection, training and other aspects calls for a gradual increase. 3D rendering of the current technology is not yet mature, and equipment modelling is too complex, we propose a virtual 3D substation, which is an image-based system. The key issues include a spherebased methods of fish...