In young adults, a higher occurrence of asthma-related symptoms was found in an urban than an adjacent suburban area in a survey performed in 1991. The authors now wondered whether such differences could be established in other age groups. The present study (in 1996) included 14,299 subjects, aged 5-75 yrs, of a random sample of the general population in the same two adjacent areas: the centre ...

PURPOSE The sensitization rate to Japanese Hop (Hop J) in respiratory allergy patients has increased in recent years in Korea. We evaluated changes in the allergenic potency of Hop J pollen collected in 1998 and 2009. METHODS Thirty-five patients with allergic rhinitis and/or asthma were enrolled. Group I included 21 subjects sensitized to Hop J at an initial visit and group II included 14 su...

Finnish national research project, Userand Businessoriented Suburb Renovation Concept (KLIKK), was started in January 2012 and will end in June 2014. The perspective of energy efficiency is emphasised in the project, but also it addresses what improving the energy efficiency of suburban apartment buildings means from the standpoint of architecturally valuable buildings representing different pe...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Fast-food companies have been reproached for rising obesity levels due to aggressive marketing tactics targeted at children. They have countered that parents should be held responsible considering their critical role as nutritional gatekeepers. This study examined the comparative effects of media exposure and parental mediation on Indonesian children's fast food consum...

People living in the urban area and the surrounding suburban area have disparities in exposure and health risks due to different levels of ambient air pollutants. The main objective of this study is to investigate the concentrations, seasonal variations, and related health risks of ambient air pollutants (PM10, NO2, and SO2) in urban and suburban areas of Ningbo, China. The results showed that ...

OBJECTIVE To obtain the exposure-response relationship for temperature and mortality, and assess the risk of heat-related premature death. METHODS A statistical model was developed using a Poisson generalized linear regression model with Beijing mortality and temperature data from October 1st, 2006 to September 30th, 2008. We calculated the exposure-response relationship for temperature and m...

Background and aims: The most important risk factors threatening health of young people include improper diet, inactivity, smoking, intentional and accidental damages, drugs, AIDS/HIV and psychiatric disorders. Considering increased risky behaviors among teens during 2 last decades, it was decided to evaluate the effects of education and consultation roles in relation to health...

OBJECTIVE To assess the operational effectiveness of long-lasting insecticide treated materials (ITMs), when used at household level, for the control of Aedes aegypti in moderately infested urban and suburban areas. METHODS In an intervention study, ITMs consisting of curtains and water jar-covers (made from PermaNet) were distributed under routine field conditions in 10 clusters (5 urban and...

Air samples were collected at a highway intersection, coastal location and suburban area in Taichung, Taiwan for the characterization of nitrate containing particulates (NCPs) in dry deposition from October 2002 to February 2003. Sampling was accomplished with a surrogate surface technique in non-raining days. Collecting tapes were precoated with nitron (C20H16N4) in a vacuum evaporator control...

Given limited research into the relationships between the built environment and travel behavior of older persons, the apparent “graying” of suburbia in the United States, and the fairly recent emergence of new residential development patterns targeting persons 55 and over, we present an exploratory study of a particular suburban neighborhood type. Specifically, we investigate aging baby boomers...