This study examined the ability of purified gallbladder mucin to accelerate the nucleation of cholesterol monohydrate crystals from the cholesterol-transporting particles in supersaturated model bile. Mixed lipid micelles and cholesterol-phosphatidylcholine vesicles in supersaturated model bile were separated by Sephadex G-200 column chromatography. Mixed lipid micelles prepared by column chrom...

Solid self-emulsifying drug delivery system (SSEDDS), which incorporates liquid SEDDS into a solid dosage form, has been recently introduced to improve the oral bioavail-ability of poorly water-soluble drugs. However, supersaturated drug generated by SSEDDS is thermodynamically unstable and tends to precipitate rapidly prior to absorption, resulting in compromised bioavailability. The aim of th...

We propose a model for disorderly streetcar routes. Through simulations and comparisons to real data, we illustrate that such routes may sometimes become supersaturated, in the sense that forward and backward waiting times become positively correlated.

Reliable control in the crystal quality of synthesized III-V nanowires (NWs) is particularly important to manipulate their corresponding electronic transport properties for technological applications. In this report, a "two-step" growth process is adopted to achieve single-crystalline GaAs NWs, where an initial high-temperature nucleation process is employed to ensure the formation of high Ga s...

In this tutorial we review recent progress in the design and growth of epitaxial semiconductor nanostructures in lattice-mismatched material systems. We focus on the Ge on Si model system after pointing out the similarities to III-V and other growth systems qualitatively as well as quantitatively. During material deposition, the first layers of the epitaxial film wet the surface before the form...

Methods to study growth of gallstones in the laboratory have not been reported. We here present such a method. Human cholesterol gallstones were harvested from patients with multiple nearly identical stones. The gallstones were washed and added to supersaturated model biles and the formation of cholesterol crystals and the increases in mass of human cholesterol gallstones were studied concurren...