PURPOSE The aim of this study was to analyze surface changes of three silicone-hydrogel contact lenses after daily wear. The lenses used in this study were balafilcon A, lotrafilcon B (both surface-treated), and galyfilcon A (non surface-treated). METHODS To understand how and where proteins, lipids, and other contaminants change contact lenses, surface roughness was assessed through Atomic F...

objectives: scaling and root planing (srp) is one of the most commonly used procedures during periodontal treatment. the aim of this study was to evaluate the root surface roughness after srp with erbium: yttrium aluminum garnet (er:yag) laser compared to ultrasonic and hand instruments.   materials and methods: in this experimental study, 56 extracted sound single-rooted teeth with moderate le...

An inversion technique based on neural networks has been implemented to estimate surface roughness and soil moisture over bare fields using ERS and RADARSAT data. The neural networks were trained with a simulated data set generated from the Integral Equation Model. Later the networks were applied to a field data set spanning a wide range of surface roughness and soil moisture, with backscatteri...

Abstract Interfacial surface roughness can result in fluid leakage of seals, and the design seals it is standard to give an upper limit for root-mean-square (rms) amplitude $$h_\text{rms}$$ h rms . However, determined mainly by long-wavelength roughness, which (ne...

Nanofabrication technology plays an important role in the performance of surface plasmonic devices such as extraordinary optical transmission (EOT) sensor. In this work, a double liftoff process was developed to fabricate a series of nanohole arrays of a hole diameter between 150 and 235 nm and a period of 500 nm in a 100-nm-thick gold film on a silica substrate. To improve the surface quality ...

A catalytically assisted etching method, named Catalyst-Referred Etching (CARE) was applied to the planarization of Lithium Niobate (LN) surface, which is widely used for optical waveguides, modulators, piezoelectric applications. The study demonstrates that an atomically smooth surface with less than 0.1 nm root-mean-square roughness could be achieved on a LN substrate using thin metal film an...

Contact lenses (CLs) are of common use and the biocompatibility, topography and mechanical properties of the used materials are of major importance. The objective of this contribution is to apply the AFM in mode Peak Force to obtain surface topography and mechanical characteristics of un-worn CLs of different materials. One material of hydrogel, two of siloxane-hydrogel and one of rigid gas-per...

Substrate roughness influences the wetting properties of self-assembled monolayers (SAMs), but details on this dependency at the sub-nanometer level are still lacking. This study investigates the effect of surface roughness on interfacial properties of n-alkanethiolate SAMs, specifically wetting, and confirms the predicted limit to the observation of the odd-even effect in hydrophobicity. This ...

The aim of this paper is to analyze the potential of X-band SAR measurements (COSMO-SkyMed and TerraSAR-X) made over bare soils for the estimation of soil moisture and surface geometry parameters at a semi-arid site in Tunisia (North Africa). Radar signals acquired with different configurations (HH and VV polarizations, incidence angles of 26° and 36°) are statistically compared with ground mea...

The evolution of thin film morphology during atmospheric pressure deposition has been studied utilizing Monte Carlo methods. Time invariant root-mean-squared roughness and local roughness morphology were both observed when employing a novel simulation parameter, modeling the effect of the experimental high pressure condition. This growth regime, where the surface roughness remains invariant aft...