Background: Eggshell (ES) is a rich source of minerals since it contains calcium, phosphorous, magnesium, strontium, and fluoride. This study sought to compare the efficacy of nanohydroxyapatite (NHA) and ES for remineralization of enamel caries-like lesions by pH cycling. Materials and Methods: In this in vitro experimental study, artificial enamel carious lesions were induced in 47 human teet...

This in vitro study evaluated the surface microhardness of human enamel submitted to bleaching with 10% carbamide peroxide (CP) containing calcium or fluoride. Ninety-eight dental blocks (5 x 5 mm2) with polished enamel surfaces were randomly assigned to 7 treatment groups (n=14), as follows: without bleaching and storage in artificial saliva (control); 10% CP; 10% CP + 0.05% calcium; 10% CP + ...

We evaluated the curing efficiency of 4 high-intensity light-emitting diode (LED) devices by assessing percentage of residual C=C (%RDB), surface microhardness (SM), depth of cure (DC), percentage of linear shrinkage-strain (%LS), and percentage of wall-to-wall contraction (%WWC). The light-curing units tested were a QTH light, the Elipar TriLight (3M/ESPE), and 4 LED devices - the Allegro (Den...

This study evaluated the microhardness and Young's modulus of a photocurable bonding resin, Clearfil SE Bond (SE), cured with four curing units at different distances. The curing units used were: Candelux (Quartz-tungsten halogen), Lux-O-Max (Blue light emitting diode), Arc-light (Plasma-arc), and Rayblaze (Metal halide). Discs of bonding resin were prepared using vinyl molds and were photocure...

This study evaluated in vitro and in situ the potential adverse effects of 10% carbamide peroxide on human enamel using microhardness, calcium loss and surface morphology analysis. Twenty-four enamel slices (4 mm2) were obtained from recently extracted premolars. The specimens were polished under water-cooling down to 1,200-grade sandpaper. After initial microhardness readings (100 g), the spec...

BACKGROUND The exponential usage of esthetic restorative materials is beholden to society needs and desires. Interaction between the bleaching agents and the esthetic restorative materials is of critical importance. AIM This in vitro study has been conducted to evaluate the effect of a home bleaching agent, carbamide peroxide (CP) 38%, on the microhardness of the fiber reinforced composite (F...

Background and Aim: White spot lesions (WSLs) are common occurrence following orthodontic treatment, this study sought to compare the remineralizing potential of fluoride, MI Paste Plus (CPP-ACP-F) and Remin Pro for treatment of WSLs. Materials and Methods: This in vitro study was conducted on 56 sound human premolars that extracted for orthodontic purposes. Teeth were cleaned and their root...

The aim of this in vitro was to evaluate the effects of tricalcium phosphate (TCP) and amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP) containing varnish materials and Er:YAG laser irradiation on enamel demineralization around orthodontic brackets. Forty extracted human premolar teeth were randomly divided into four treatment groups (i.e., 10 in each group): (1) 5% NaF-ACP varnish, (2) 5% NaF-TCP varnish, (3...

PURPOSE The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effect of low-fluence argon laser (AL) irradiation and acidulated phosphate fluoride (APF) gel treatment on enamel microhardness. METHODS Twelve mandibular permanent molars were selected for this study. The teeth were sectioned generating 4 flat enamel surfaces per tooth. The flattened enamel tooth surfaces were randomly assigned ...

This study tested two hypotheses. The first null hypothesis affirms that there is no statistical difference when composite resin is submitted to knoop or vickers microhardness using different testing protocols. The second hypothesis tested the possible influence of elastic modulus of composite resin in microhardness tests. Two nanohybrid composites were used with different viscosity behavior (G...