A man in his early twenties was admitted from the streets. He was hallucinating and incoherent. His vital signs were normal and there was no sign of injury. There was subcutaneous emphy-sema over the neck and anterior chest. The breath sounds were good and the heart sounds were audible. Chest X-ray showed extensive subcutaneous emphysema extending into the neck, but no pneumomediastinum or pneu...

BACKGROUND Pneumomediastinum is commonly caused by iatrogenic injury such as surgery on the cervical planes and chest or by tracheostomy. It is also well known that emphysema may occur after dental treatments using an air turbine drill, but there have been few cases of emphysema which extended to the mediastinum. CASE PRESENTATION A 16-year-old boy is presented with subcutaneous emphysema and...

was puffy and when palpated it gave a sensation of fine crackling crepitus. The case was diagnosed as surgical emphysema but there was no violence to the chest and there was neither any fracture of the ribs nor any external wound. The swelling gradually extended over whole of the chest within a day or two and wherever palpated it gave the same sensation of fine crackling crepitus. Slight temper...

in the mediastinum becomes excessive and embarrasses the action of the heart. This can be fatal, especially if tension pneumothorax coexists. Other modes of entry of air into the mediastinum include rupture of the trachea, bronchus, or oesophagus from any cause and penetrating wounds of the lung and mediastinal pleura. These are clearly formidable conditions and must always be considered in pat...

Subconjunctival emphysema is a condition that must theoretically exist in severe subcutaneous emphysema due to the laxity of the conjunctival tissues. However, this is generally obscured by associated periorbital emphysema and is hidden from view. We present documented evidence of subconjunctival emphysema in the absence of periorbital emphysema. A 53 year old man was admitted with a large righ...

S TIMES AND INVESTIGATIVE METHODS change and contrast media are improved , one is tempted to assemble the various findings and correlate them with the known pathologic alterations in chronic bronchitis and pulmonary emphysema. The following text and illustrations deal with certain aspects of morphologic findings as seen by the clinician in the course of a pulmonary study. This study is based up...

Benign subcutaneous emphysema is a rare clinical entity, documented by only a small collection of case reports. The presence of crepitus on physical examination and subcutaneous gas on radiographs is concerning for necrotizing fasciitis. Necrotizing fasciitis is a dangerous and deadly infection accounting for 500 to 1000 cases annually in the United States, with mortality rates of up to 76%. De...

Surgical bullectomy is the treatment of choice for giant emphysematous bulla. We report a case of successful nonsurgical treatment with bronchoscopic placement of one-way endobronchial valves that are currently under investigation for the treatment of end-stage emphysema. In patients who are poor surgical candidates, this noninvasive bronchoscopic treatment may represent a valuable alternative.

In patients with combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema, emphysema do not have a synergistic effect that results in worsened survival when compared to IPF without emphysemahttps://bit.ly/35EJMo6

BACKGROUND Oxidative stress, resulting from the increased oxidative burden and decreased level of antioxidant proteins, plays a role in the pathophysiology of smoking-related pulmonary emphysema. Expression of several antioxidant proteins, such as heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), glutathione peroxidase 2 (GPX2) and NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1), results from an equilibrium created by positive...