The avalanche behavior of gravitationally forced granular layers on a rough inclined plane is investigated experimentally for different materials and for a variety of grain shapes ranging from spherical beads to highly anisotropic particles with dendritic shape. We measure the front velocity, area, and height of many avalanches and correlate the motion with the area and height. We also measure ...

In the Obernberg valley, the Eastern Alps, landforms recently interpreted as moraines are re-interpreted as rock avalanche deposits. The catastrophic slope failure involved an initial rock volume of about 45 million m³, with a runout of 7.2 km over a total vertical distance of 1330 m (fahrböschung 10°). 36Cl surface-exposure dating of boulders of the avalanche mass indicates an event age of 8.6...

BACKGROUND Within Europe and North America, the median annual mortality from snow avalanches between 1994 and 2003 was 141. There are two commonly used rescue devices: the avalanche transceiver, which is intended to speed up locating a completely buried person, and the avalanche airbag, which aims to prevent the person from being completely buried. OBJECTIVE This retrospective study aimed to ...

Snow avalanche is one of the most life-claiming calamities in the world. In avalancheprone regions, it is necessary to alert the population about such events beforehand to abate the effects. Hence it is important to build a snow avalanche detection system which will also detect landslides. To understand how an avalanche is started, snow physics needs to be understood which describes us about ty...

We introduce the standard distribution width of fitness in the Bak-Sneppen evolution model. Through observing the fluctuation of this quantity in evolution, we find a different hierarchy of avalanche dynamics, w0 avalanche. We also obtain the corresponding gap equation and the self-organized threshold wc. The critical exponents (τ, γ and ρ), which describe the behavior of avalanche size distrib...

Snow avalanches are generally rare and occasionally extreme events. In the general context of prediction and predictably of extreme events, we will examine whether snow avalanches are predictable based on a few examples of forecasts at different scales. Clearly, avalanche predictability depends on scale. When the regional avalanche danger is High or Very High (Extreme), an avalanche is likely s...

In this paper, we calculate electron and hole impactionization coefficients in In0.52Al0.48As using a Monte Carlo modelwhich has two valleys and two bands for electrons and holesrespectively. Also, we calculate multiplication factor for electronand hole initiated multiplication regimes and breakdown voltagein In0.52Al0.48As PIN avalanche photodiodes. To validate themodel, we compare our simulat...

The economic implications of network topologies are studied via a monopolist’s model of market networks originally proposed by Phan, et al. (2003). By embedding the market into a larger collection of network topologies, in particular, a class of scale-free networks, we extend the early analysis built upon a class of ring networks. To facilitate the study of the impacts of network topologies upo...

Articles you may be interested in Low-noise AlInAsSb avalanche photodiode Appl. Enhanced frequency response associated with negative photoconductance in an InGaAs/InAlAs avalanche photodetector Appl.

Recently, considerable attention has been placed upon exploiting the negative-feedback effect in accelerating the quenching time of the avalanche current in passively quenched single-photon avalanche-diode (SPAD) circuits. Reducing the quenching time results in a reduction in the total charge generated in the SPAD, thereby reducing the number of trapped carries; this, in turn, can lead to impro...