BACKGROUND A worldwide outbreak of swine flu H1N1 pandemic influenza occurred in April 2009. To determine the mechanism underlying the spread of infection, we prospectively evaluated a survey implemented at a local university. METHODS Between August 2009 and March 2010, we surveyed 3 groups of subjects: 2318 children in six schools attached to the Faculty of Education, 11424 university studen...

A new influenza virus that was first detected in people in April 2009, was initially referred to colloquially as "swine flu", since it contained genes from swine, avian and human influenza viruses. It can, however, not be transmitted by eating pork or dealing with pigs. In Egypt, several hundred thousand pigs were killed in May, in spite of advice from global health authorities that such an act...

swine flue is a highly contagious acute respiratory disease caused by a subtype of influenza a virus. herein we present three patients with h1n1 infection complicated with pulmonary thromboembolism. the patients had chest pain and unexplained dyspnea. imaging studies showed bilateral hilar predominance. computed tomographic angiography confirmed bilateral thromboembolism (an unusual presentatio...

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES During an outbreak of influenza like illness throat swab culture and virus isolation are done to identify causal virus, and it may cause a significant delay in diagnosis and isolation. There is a need to determine a sensitive laboratory parameter which could play a major role in identifying H1N1 infection among patients presenting with influenza like symptoms. We underto...

BACKGROUND In April 2009 a novel influenza A H1N1/2009 virus was identified in Mexico and in the United States which quickly spread around the world. Most of the countries established infection surveillance systems in order to track the number of (laboratory-confirmed) H1N1 cases, hospitalizations and deaths. METHODS The impact of the emergence of the novel pandemic (H1N1) 2009 virus on Frank...

Swine flu is a life threatening respiratory disease which originally spread among pigs. The virus easily mutates and is transmitted within human population through coughing or direct contact with infected person. It is caused by type-A influenza virus of subtypes H1N1, H1N2, H3N1, H3N2 and H2N3. The use of proper medical mask has been widely known to protect the user from incoming virus through...

BACKGROUND The question arises about the chest X-ray findings and clinical symptoms in swine flu and about the most important clinical finding when correlated with the chest radiograph. Should physicians order a chest X-ray in each patient suspected of having swine flu? MATERIAL/METHODS There were 179 patients with a high suspicion of swine flu. All 179 patients had an initial chest radiograp...

Diarrheal diseases are among the top causes of child deaths in developing countries. These diseases can be prevented by the simple act of handwashing with soap. However, the current literature shows that only programs with high monitoring are effective in changing behavior and improving health outcomes. These results have sparked interest in understanding the mechanisms through which changes in...

Calling attention to potential risks does not always lead to preventative actions. To investigate changes in cognitive, emotional, and behavioral responses towards potential risks, longitudinal studies targeting nonclinical samples of undergraduate students were conducted at 4 time points (April, May, June, and July 2009) during the outbreak of swine flu in 2009, which eventually developed in t...