Statistical Machine Translation (SMT) is by far the most dominant paradigm of Machine Translation. This can be justified by many reasons, such as accuracy, scalability, computational efficiency and fast adaptation to new languages and domains. However, current approaches of Phrase-based SMT lacks the capabilities of producing more grammatical translations and handling long-range reordering whil...

In Malagasy, spatial deictic adverbials and certain PPs may carry the prefix t-. This prefix is usually analyzed as a past tense marker, since oblique predicates take twhen denoting past states, while oblique modifiers typically require twhen the verb is marked for past tense. It is generally assumed that ‘tense matching’ is mandatory. Here, however, I present data showing that past tense verbs...

Major syntactic boundaries are often accompanied by a rise in the phrase component of the fundamental frequency (F0) contour. Detecting such rises, therefore, can be signi cantly helpful to the speech recognition process. We developed a method to detect syntactic boundaries with phrasecomponent rise (henceforth, phrase boundaries), based on the compression of the accent component of the F0 cont...

Tenses in English temporal adjunct clauses seem to show properties of both matrix and embedded tenses. On the one hand, they are often argued be interpreted with respect time utterance (Stump 1985; Arregui & Kusumoto 1998; Kubota et al. 2011). other more constrained than tenses, claimed limited past tense when is past, present future. I evidence from perfect that always relative nearest...

Title of Document: THE DEVELOPMENT OF SYNTACTIC COMPLEXITY AND THE IRREGULAR PAST TENSE IN CHILDREN WHO DO AND DO NOT STUTTER. Jessica Bauman, Master of Arts, 2009 Directed By: Dr. Nan Bernstein Ratner This study examined spontaneous language samples and standardized test data obtained from 31 pairs of children who stutter (CWS), ages 25-59 months, and agematched children who do not stutter (CW...

The standard view of English reduced auxiliaries takes them to be (postlexical) clitics (Kaisse 1983). However, Spencer (1991) puts forward some persuasive arguments that a subset of these forms, the non-syllabic reduced auxiliaries, are actually aaxes (tense innec-tions) rather than clitics, while the syllabic reduced auxiliaries are post-lexical clitics. We accept the logic of Spencer's posit...

The speech of individuals with agrammatism is generally characterized by omission or substitution of grammatical morphemes, a high noun-to-verb ratio and a lack of complex sentence structures. It is generally agreed upon that agrammatic speakers show a highly selective pattern of impairment of functional categories (Arabatzi & Edwards 2000, 2002; Bastiaanse 1995; Bastiaanse & Thompson 2003; Fri...