Apple chlorotic leaf spot virus (ACLSV) is the type member of the Trichovirus genus, the family Flexiviridae (Martelli et al., 1994; Adams et al., 2004) and is known to infect most pome and stone fruit tree species, including apple, peach, pear, plum, almond, cherry and apricot (Lister, 1970; Németh, 1986). ACLSV has a worldwide distribution and induces a large variety of symptoms in sensitive ...

The narrow sheath mutant of maize displays a leaf and plant stature phenotype controlled by the duplicate factor mutations narrow sheath1 and narrow sheath2. Mutant leaves fail to develop a lateral domain that includes the leaf margins. Genetic data are presented to show that the narrow sheath mutations map to duplicated chromosomal regions, reflecting an ancestral duplication of the maize geno...

Faba bean is a major grain legume widely cultivated in many countries.There are a large number of viruses damaging faba bean crop. In this survey, during 2011-2012 growing seasons, to determine the distribution of Bean yellow mosaic virus (BYMV), Bean common mosaic virus (BCMV), Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) and Alfalfa mosaic virus (AMV), 630 samples were collec...

Tobacco mosaic virus particles were found in small packets and in small numbers, with the electron microscope, in necrotic leaf cells of Nicotiana glutinosa when the samples were fixed in glutaraldehyde and postfixed in OsO(4), and the sections were stained with heavy metals. The numbers and size of the virus packets were increased greatly when the leaves were detached from the plant after inoc...

cercosporoid fungi including the genus cercospora and other morphologically similar genera are associated with leaf spot symptoms on various host plants. in this research three taxa including passalora cucurbiticola (on cucurbita sp.), p. bolleana (on ficus carica), and pseudocercosporella capsellae (on capsella bursa-pastoris, sinapis arvensis) were identified. among these, p. cucurbiticola an...

Introduction. The Gladiolus genus belongs to the Iridaceae Juss family. It includes more then 150 species. Most of them are native to Africa and few originated from the Mediterranean area, Asia and South Europe. Cultivars of gladiolus exhibit a great diversity of colour, size, shape, flowering time, and bulbing and dormancy behaviour [2]. Gladiolus is an important ornamental plant grown for com...

We compared infection of Nicotiana benthamiana plants by the positive-sense RNA viruses Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), Potato virus Y (PVY), and by a Potato virus X (PVX) vector, the latter either unaltered or expressing the CMV 2b protein or the PVY HCPro suppressors of silencing, at 25°C vs. 30°C, or at standard (~401 parts per million, ppm) vs. elevated (970 ppm) CO2 levels. We also assessed t...

BACKGROUND Arctium species (Asteraceae) are distributed worldwide and are used as food and rich sources of secondary metabolites for the pharmaceutical industry, e.g., against avian influenza virus. RNA silencing is an antiviral defense mechanism that detects and destroys virus-derived double-stranded RNA, resulting in accumulation of virus-derived small RNAs (21-24 nucleotides) that can be use...

We previously showed that the movement protein (MP) gene of Alfalfa mosaic virus (AMV) is functionally exchangeable for the cell-to-cell transport of the corresponding genes of Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV), Brome mosaic virus, Prunus necrotic ringspot virus, Cucumber mosaic virus and Cowpea mosaic virus. We have analysed the capacity of the heterologous MPs to systemically transport the correspon...

The long-distance movement of cherry leaf roll virus (CLRV) in tobacco plants was studied using a tissue printing technique with non-isotopic RNA probes. Time-course analysis revealed that CLRV RNA accumulated in the inoculated leaf at an early stage, such as 20 h post-inoculation. The virus accumulation reached a peak at 8-10 days post-inoculation (d.p.i.) and then progressively decreased. The...