A ribonuclease, RNase T-tat, specifically designed to hydrolyze the TAR RNA of HIV-1 virus has been engineered. The protein was made by domain swapping the TAT peptide at the loop 3 position of ribonuclease T1. The RNase T-tat maintains a guanine-specific RNA hydrolytic activity, and characteristically displayed a specific affinity for the TAR RNA of HIV-1. In the in vitro and in vivo assays, t...

The interaction between the HIV-1 transactivator protein Tat and TAR (transactivation responsive region) RNA, plays a critical role in HIV-1 transcription. Iron(II) supramolecular helicates were evaluated for their in vitro activity to inhibit Tat-TAR RNA interaction using UV melting studies, electrophoretic mobility shift assay, and RNase A footprinting. The results demonstrate that iron(II) s...

Drops of coal tar introduced into the subcutaneous tissue attract the fibroblasts, endothelial and other cells to them. These cells suffer degenerative changes through this action of the tar and the animal suffers cachectic-like changes and death from large doses of it introduced into the subcutaneous tissue. This action of the coal tar is limited to a short period of time, after which it becom...

Binding of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) transactivator (Tat) protein to Tat-responsive RNA (TAR) is essential for viral replication and is considered a promising starting point for the design of anti-HIV drugs. NMR spectroscopy indicated that the aminoglycosides neomycin B and ribostamycin bind to TAR and that neomycin is able to inhibit Tat binding to TAR. The solution structure...

The tar and tap loci of Escherichia coli encode methyl-accepting inner membrane proteins that mediate chemotactic responses to aspartate and maltose or to dipeptides. These genes lie adjacent to each other in the same orientation on the chromosome and have extensive sequence homology throughout the C-terminal portions of their coding regions. Many spontaneous deletions in the tar-tap region app...

Surface plasmon resonance (BIACORE) was used to determine the kinetic values for formation of the HIV TAR-TAR* ('kissing hairpin') RNA complex. The TAR component was also synthesized with the modified nucleoside 2-thiouridine at position 7 in the loop and the kinetics and equilibrium dissociation constants compared with the unmodified TAR hairpin. The BIACORE data show an equilibrium dissociati...

BACKGROUND In cases with total ankle replacement (TAR) failure, a decision between revision TAR and salvage arthrodesis (SA) must be made. In a previous study, we analyzed revision TAR and found low functional outcome and satisfaction. The aims of the current study were to analyze SA concerning failure rate and patient-related outcome measures (PROMs). METHODS Until September 2014, a total of...

The cell-surface receptor Tar mediates bacterial chemotaxis toward an attractant, aspartate (Asp), and away from a repellent, Ni(2+). To understand the molecular mechanisms underlying the induction of Tar activity by its ligands, the Escherichia coli Tar periplasmic domain with and without bound aspartate (Asp-Tar and apo-Tar, respectively) were each crystallized in two different forms. Using a...

The observation was made of variations in human cigarette smoking habits. This suggested that examination by an analytic smoking machine be undertaken to discover whether yields of tobacco tar in simulations of these habits might differ. It was found in various experiments that: (a) Smoking a given number of puffs over a long period of time results in greater tar retrieval than smoking them ove...

BACKGROUND Transaxillary robotic (TAR) thyroidectomy has been performed for better aesthetic results by many surgeons. In this report, we describe a rare case of a desmoid tumor developed after TAR thyroidectomy, which is speculated to be a late-term complication. METHODS AND RESULTS A 61-year-old woman with a history of papillary microcarcinoma had experienced a large left neck mass that had...