It is widely recognized that experience with cognitive tests can influence estimates of cognitive change. Prior research has estimated experience effects at the level of groups by comparing the performance of a group of participants tested for the second time with the performance of a different group of participants at the same age tested for the first time. This twice-minus-once-tested method ...

Does personality change across the entire life course, and are those changes due to intrinsic maturation or major life experiences? This longitudinal study investigated changes in the mean levels and rank order of the Big Five personality traits in a heterogeneous sample of 14,718 Germans across all of adulthood. Latent change and latent moderated regression models provided 4 main findings: Fir...

Advancement of the motor vehicle and its production methods is analyzed as a process of technological change. In a broader context, motor vehicles evolved as an integral component of road transportation through a series of interlaced substitutions of old by new technologies. Building on a large number of studies that described technological substitution processes, first it is shown how new ener...

The conventional wisdom on the accelerating rate of technological change is a truism, and might actually be truer than we realize. In many respects, the changes to the fabric of daily life witnessed during the years from 1801 to 1900 were more fundamental than those occurring during the subsequent century from 1901 to 2000. But the 19 century’s transformation was largely predicated upon politic...

This paper revisits the debate over whether the technological changes in eighteenth-century England were complements to skilled workers, or whether they were substitutes, as believed by many. Using an exceptional and comprehensive set of evidence from tax records on apprenticeship indentures from all over Great Britain between 1710 and 1772 I find evidence consistent with the technology-skill c...

This paper suggests a new methodology for evaluating technological change in a multi-sector general equilibrium framework. The double calibration technique was applied to an ex post decomposition analysis of technological change between two periods, enabling a distinction to be made between price-induced and factor-biased technological changes for each sector. The method is applied to an empiri...

We decompose labor productivity growth into components attributable to technological change, technological catch-up, foreign capital deepening, domestic capital deepening, and human capital accumulation, thus separating the effects of foreign and domestic capital deepening on productivity growth and convergence. We apply nonparametric production-frontier methods to a worldwide 1980-2005 panel a...

WOMENFACE SEVERAL technological issues in the information professions. First, the work is changing rapidly as technological changes are introduced. Women need to respond to this change in the workplacein both the content of work tasks and the coping with change itself. Second, women need to be willing to make a positive contribution to technological development. Finally, women need to seek out ...

Animals with anterior or posterior neocortical lesions as well as intact control animals were evaluated for changes in a-adrenergic sensitivity at five postoperative times. Colonic temperature decreases were measured in response to clonidine at each of the postoperative periods. The result indicated that a heightened heat-loss response was induced by clonidine that lasted 21 or more days after ...

There has recently been a great deal of interest in cognitive interventions, particularly when applied in older adults with the goal of slowing or reversing age-related cognitive decline. Although seldom directly investigated, one of the fundamental questions concerning interventions is whether the intervention alters the rate of cognitive change, or affects the level of certain cognitive measu...